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BIOCHEM > P-CHEM Final > Flashcards

P-CHEM Final Flashcards

1
Q

pressure is —– proportional to volume

A

inversely

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2
Q

volume is ——– to temperature

A

proportional

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3
Q

in PV=nRT what is the purpose of the R constant?

A

to ensure the units are the same on both side of the equation

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4
Q

what is the R constant?

A

8.314 j/mol*k

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5
Q

in the Dieterici equation of state what are the units of b?

A

m^3/mol

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6
Q

in the Dieterici equation of state what are the units of a?

A

J∙m^3/mol^22

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7
Q

why is PV=NRT not a perfect equation?

A

It doesn’t describe all gas behavior. Thus, it is an approximation of most gas behavior.

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8
Q

What 2 implications make a gas a perfect gas?

A

The gas molecules do interact with one another. The gas atoms do not collide and the molecules themselves do not have volume

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9
Q

is the van der Waals “a”
parameter positive or negative for all gases?

A

always positive

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10
Q

What is the role of the van der Waals “a”
parameter

A

to lower the pressure of a real gas to values lower than that of a perfect gas

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11
Q

van der Waals “a”
parameter lowers the pressure of the real gas to larger extent if the —- is smaller
hint
p real- p perfect = -(n^2*a)/ V^2

A

volume

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12
Q

The van der Waals a parameter is associated with the gas molecules interactions with each other. How does this influence the pressure of a real gas?

A

Interactions between gas molecules lowers the pressure. Thus, a smaller volume means more interactions and the real pressure is significantly lower than predicted by PV=nRT

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13
Q

What does the b parameter in the van der Waals equation account for ?

A

The volume of the gas molecules themselves

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14
Q
A
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15
Q

What does the compressibility factor describe about a gas ?

A

How closely the gas of interest behaves like a perfect gas

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16
Q

What variable of the PV=nRT equation does the compressibility factor analyze?

A

The pressure

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17
Q

if Z < 1 than the pressure of the real gas is —– than that of a perfect gas

A

less than aka the observed pressure is too low

18
Q

if Z > 1 than the pressure of the real gas is —– than that of a perfect gas

A

greater than aka the pressure of the real gas is too high

19
Q

How does the b(volume) parameter of the Van der Waals equation affect the numerical magnitude of the Z(compression factor)

A

The b parameter increases Z because the B parameter is always positive

20
Q

How does the a(attractive forces) parameter of the Van der Waals equation affect the numerical magnitude of the Z(compression factor)

A

The a parameter decreases the value of the compression factor

21
Q

Are Van der Waals parameters dependent on temp?

A

No

22
Q

What is residual volume?
involves low pressure or high volume conditions

A

per mold volume of real gas - per molar volume of perf gas

23
Q

What is the residual volume of a perfect gas

A

0

24
Q

work done (dw=+) on a cylinder system requires a —- in volume

A

decrease (aka compression) via increase in applied exterior pressure

25
Q

work done by a cylinder system requires a — in volume

A

increase ( aka expansion ) via decrease in applied exterior pressure

26
Q

compression and expansion of a piston stop when the —- pressure is equal to the —– pressure are equal

A

interior and exterior

27
Q

Work is inexact bc it is —— dependent

A

path

28
Q

during an isothermal compression, heat flows — the system to maintain temp constant

A

out of

29
Q

during an isothermal expansion heat flows — the system to maintain temp constant

A

into

30
Q

heat and work are —- because they are path dependent

A

inexact

31
Q

what can Euler’s test be used to determine?

A

if a differential is exact or inexact

32
Q

Internal energy
is the energy of

A

a single molecule

33
Q

Internal energy is a state function, and its
differential ∂U is —-

A

exact aka path independent

34
Q

Every atom in every molecule has at minimum —- degrees of freedom

A

3

35
Q

A linear molecule has the capability to do — additional rotations

A

2

36
Q

a non linear molecule is capable of —- rotations

A

3

37
Q

——- do not practically count towards a
molecule’s internal energy
hint rotations, vibrations, translations

A

vibrations

38
Q

under isothermal conditions what is the change in internal energy(du=?)

A

0J because the temp is constant

39
Q

what is the change in heat under isothermal condtions?

A

dq=-dw

40
Q

is CP,m greater than or lesser than CV,m

A

greater than

41
Q

what is the change in heat of adiabatic system?

A

dq=0J because heat transactions with the exterior environment are not possible to maintain the temp constant

42
Q

Does an adiabatic system experience a change in internal energy

A

BIOCHEM (3 decks)

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