p Block elements XI

Question 1

There are ____ group of p-block elements in the periodic table numbering from ___ to ___

Answer 1

six; 13 to 18

Question 2

The difference in ____ of elements greatly influences their physical properties (such as atomic radii and ionic radii, ionisation enthalpy, etc) as well as their chemical properties

Answer 2

inner core

Question 3

The general electronic configuration of group 13 is?

Answer 3

ns2 np1

Question 4

The general electronic configuration of group 14 is?

Answer 4

ns2 np2

Question 5

The general electronic configuration of group 15 is?

Answer 5

ns2 np3

Question 6

The general electronic configuration of group 16 is?

Answer 6

ns2 np4

Question 7

The general electronic configuration of group 17 is?

Answer 7

ns2 np5

Question 8

The general electronic configuration of group 18 is?

Answer 8

ns2 np6 (1s2 for He)

Question 9

The first element of group 13?

Answer 9

B (Boron)

Question 10

The first element of group 14?

Answer 10

C (Carbon)

Question 11

The first element of group 15?

Answer 11

Nitrogen

Question 12

The first element of group 16?

Answer 12

Oxygen

Question 13

The first element of group 17?

Answer 13

Fluorine

Question 14

The first element of group 18?

Answer 14

Helium

Question 15

Group oxidation state of group 13 is ?

Answer 15

+3

Question 16

Group oxidation state of group 14 is ?

Answer 16

+4

Question 17

Group oxidation state of group 15 is ?

Answer 17

+5

Question 18

Group oxidation state of group 16 is ?

Answer 18

+6

Question 19

Group oxidation state of group 17 is ?

Answer 19

+7

Question 20

Group oxidation state of group 18 is ?

Answer 20

generally 0, +8 for Xe

Question 21

Other oxidation state of group 13 is ?

Answer 21

+1

Question 22

common oxidation state of group 14 are ?

Answer 22

+2 and +4
except for carbon , none of the elements show -4 or negative oxidation no

Question 23

oxidation state of group 15 are ?

Answer 23

-3 to +5

Question 24

Other oxidation state of group 16 is ?

Answer 24

+4, +2, -2

Question 25

Other oxidation state of group 17 are ?

Answer 25

+5, +3, +1, -1

Question 26

Other oxidation state of group 18 are ?

Answer 26

+6, +4,+2

Question 27

What are the characteristics properties of p-block elements?

Answer 27

1. The non-metals and metalloids exists only in the p-block of the periodic table and non - metallic character decreases down the group
2. The change from the non -metallic to metallic character brings about diversity in the chemistry of these elements depending on the group which they belong
3. The non - metals have higher ionisation enthalpies and higher electronegativities than the metals

Question 28

Write down the properties of non- metals and metals of p-block elements and compare them

Answer 28

1. In contrast to metals which readily form cations, non - metals readily form anions
2. The change from metallic character can be best illustrated by the nature of oxides they take form if taken as a comparative manner
3. The non -metal oxides are acidic or neutral whereas metal oxides are basic in nature

Question 29

Why compounds of non - metals with metals are ionic ?

Answer 29

The compounds formed by highly reactive non - metals with highly reactive metals are generally ionic because of large difference in their electronegativities

Question 30

Why the compounds of non metals with itself are covalent?

Answer 30

The compounds formed between non - metals themselves are largely covalent in character because of small differences in their electronegativities

Question 31

What is the difference between s-block and p-block elements?

Answer 31

They are grouped as s - block or p-block according to the position of valence electrons in orbitals. The main difference between s and p block elements is that the valence electrons of the s - block elements are in the s - orbitals whereas the valence electrons of the p- block elements are in the p - orbital

Question 32

Write down the anomalous behaviour of the second period of p-block elements.

Answer 32

The second period elements of p-groups starting from boron are restricted to maximum covalency of four(using 2s and three 2p orbitals)

Question 33

Write down the behaviour of the third period of p-block elements

Answer 33

The third period elements of p-groups with electronic configuration 3s2 3pn have vacant 3d-orbitals lying between the 3p and the 4s levels of energy. Using these d-orbitals the third period element can expand their co-valence above four

Question 34

How does the presence of d-orbitals effect the properties of heavier metals?

Answer 34

The presence of d-orbitals influences the chemistry of the heavier elements in these ways:
1. The combined effect of size and availability of d-orbitals considerably influences the ability of these electrons to form pi bonds
2. The first member of the group differs from the heavier members in the ability to form p pi - p pi multiple bonds to itself

Question 35

What are the properties of the the Boron group of elements?

Answer 35

1. Boron is a typical non - metal, aluminium is a metal but shows many chemical similarities to boron and gallium, indium, thallium and nihonium are exclusively metalic in character
2. Boron is fairly rare element mainly occurs as orthoboric acid, borax and kernite
3. The abundance of boron in earths crust is less than 0.0001% by mass