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P Flashcards

1
Q

Parasite is a

A

organism that lives on or in another organism at the expense of this host

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2
Q

Three types of parasites

A

protozoa helminths and arthropods

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3
Q

transmission of protozoa that live in the intestine

A

fecal-oral route

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4
Q

protozoa that live in the blood or tissue or humans transmission mode is

A

arthropod vector (malaria)

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5
Q

Malaria symptoms

A

fever,chills flu like symptoms. if untreated severe complications and death

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6
Q

Malaria parasite

A

Plasmodium species, mainly plasmodium falciparum

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7
Q

malaria vector

A

anopheles mosquito

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8
Q

diagnosis of malaria

A

blood films

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9
Q

Malaria life cycle

A

sporozoites injected under skin, travel through blood and enter liver, mature in lier and re-enter circulation as merozoites, invade red cells and lyse cells, sexual forms taken up by mosquitos

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10
Q

Malaria control

A

Insecticide treated nets, prophylaxis, Vaccine reserch

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11
Q

Amoebic Dysentery is a

A

Protozoal infection

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12
Q

Amoebic Dysentry is caused by

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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13
Q

Amoebic dysentery causes

A

diarrhoea with blood or pus. intestinal and extra intestinal infections. liver abscess in late disease

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14
Q

Diagnosis of amoebic dysentry

A

Hot stool sample-pseudopodia, cysts can be seen in the stool with microscope

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15
Q

Amebic liver abscess characteristic

A

reddish brown pus

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16
Q

Protozoa 3 Leishmaniasis infection is caused by

A

sandfly bites

17
Q

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

A

skin or mucous ulceration

18
Q

visceral leishmaniasis

A

fever, weight loss and hepatic-splenomegaly

19
Q

Leishmaniasis diagnosis

A

histology of biopsy material

20
Q

Three types of helminths

A

Nematodes(round worms) Cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flat worms)

21
Q

Enterobiasis

A

Threadworm, sellotape test, ova seen on microscopy

22
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides is a

A

nematode

23
Q

\ascaris lumbricoides lifecycle

A

ingested eggs hatch in intestine, large carried by the circulation to the lungs, swallowed again and adult worms develop in and inhabit small intestine

24
Q

ascaris lumbricoides symptoms

A

often asymptomatic, transient pulmonary symptoms, mass of worms may obstruct small intestine or bile duct

25
Q

Cestodes, flat worms in pork

A

taenia solium

26
Q

cestodes flat worms in beef

A

taenia saginata

27
Q

cestodes lifecycle

A

larval cysts are ingested in meat(int host) adult tape worm forms in human(def host) ingestion of t.solium eggs causes tissue cysts in humans. ova seen in stool

28
Q

Echinococcus is a

A

Tapeworm

29
Q

Echinococcus is carried by

A

dogs, wolves, foxes

30
Q

echinococcus lifecycle

A

humans ingest eggs, eggs hatch and enter circulation, hydatid cyst forms in liver.

31
Q

lier cyst from what must be removed completely

A

echinococcus tapeworm

32
Q

Schistosomiasis is caused by

A

flatworms:
haematobium-bladder
mansion-intestinal
japonica-intestinal

33
Q

schistosomiasis cycle up to human

A

ova excreted in urine, miracidia released in fresh water, penetrate body of snail, cercaria emerge from snails after 4-6 weeks and penetrate human skin.

34
Q

schistosomiasis cycle in humans

A

migrate through lungs to liver, mature into worms tat migrate to mesenteric or bladder venues. lay eggs that cause inflation of bladder or intestinal wall.

35
Q

Acute febrile episode is(katayama fever)

A

in schistosomiasis short period of fever when eggs are laid

36
Q

most severe schistosomiasis

A

japonicium

37
Q

schistosomiasis haematobium causes

A

haematuria, bladder cancer

38
Q

Eosinophilia and elevated IgE accompanies

A

helminth infection

39
Q

Serology is

A

detection of antibodies- useful in deep tissue infection

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