Oz. 6 & 7

Question 1

What is the term electronegativity ?

Answer 1

Electronegativity is the ability to attract electrons.

Question 2

what are dipole? (polarised)

Answer 2

when two atoms in a covalent bond have different partical charges ( positive end and negative end)

Question 3

what happenes to the electronegativity as you go across and down the periodic table?

example: C-F

Answer 3

The electronegativity increases across the periodic table but decreases down the periodic table.

In the bond between C-F, fluronie has a higher electronegativity value (

Question 4

which chain has stronger intermolecular forces ?and why

Answer 4

The longer chain has stronger intermolecular forces and has higher boiling point. This is because more energy is needed to break these stronger bonds and separate the molecules.

Question 5

why do branched chain have lower intermolaculer force then long chain?

example 3-methylpetane:

Answer 5

In straight chain alkanes there are more contacts beyween molecules and more opportunities for intermolacular bonds to form, so striaght chain alkanes have higher boiling point than their branched isomers.

Question 6

which element is the most electronegative in ( fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, clorine) and why

Answer 6

Fluorine is the most electronegative because it has more proton inside nucleus. Across the periodic table the fluroine is at end of the period.

Question 7

When does permanent dipoles occur?

H - Cl

Answer 7

permanent dipole occur when the two atoms in bond have substiantially different electronegativities.

clorine is more electronegative than hydrogen so attracts the shared ele