Oxygenation Process Flashcards
What is oxygenation?
- Basic physiologic need
- Process causing to unite to oxygen
- Essential to life
- Need remains across the lifespan
- Ability to meet need impacts quantity and quality of life
Upper respiratory system consists of?
- Mouth
- Nose
- Pharynx
- Larynx
Lower respiratory consists of?
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
- Pulmonary capillary network
- Pleural membranes
What is another word for inhale?
Inspiration
What is another word for exhale?
Expiration
Ventilation depends on what?
- Clear airways
- Intact CNS and respiratory center
- Intact thoracic cavity
- Adequate pulmonary compliance and recoil
What is Alveolar Gas Exchange
- 2nd phase of respiratory process
- involves diffusion
- O2 in alveoli diffuses into blood
- CO2 in blood diffuses into alveoli
What is diffusion?
Movement of gasses from area of higher concentration or pressure to an area of lesser concentration or pressure
What is the 3rd phase of the respiratory process?
Transport of O2 and CO2
Factors that affect the rate of transport of O2 and CO2
Cardiac output (average is 5L/min)
Number of erythrocytes and blood HCT
Exercise
What is the 4th phase of the respiratory process?
Diffusion to the tissues.
Between capillaries and tissues
O2 from blood to tissues
CO2 from tissues to blood
Neural respiratory regulation
Pons,Medulla Obligota
Chemical respiratory regulation
Chemo receptors in medulla are sensitive to increases in CO2 and hydrogen ions.
What factors effect oxygenation?
Age Gender Level of wellness Anxiety Smoking Environment Allergies Posture Body weight Physical activity Medications
What is Hypoxia?
Condition of insufficient oxygen anywhere in the body
Rapid pulse
Rapid shallow respirations and dyspnea
Lightheadedness or restlessness
Flaring of nares
Cyanosis
What is Eupnea
Normal rate of breathing
What is Tachypnea?
Rapid rate of breathing
What is Bradypnea
Abnormally slow rate of breathing
What is Apnea?
Cessation of breathing.
Potential nursing diagnosis for respiratory?
Ineffective airway clearance
Ineffective breathing pattern
Impaired gas exchange
Activity intolerance
Nursing measures to promote respiratory function
Positioning Deep breathing and coughing Adequate hydration Medications Incentive spirometry Chest apt Postural drainage Oxygen therapy Artificial airways Airway suctioning
Safety for oxygen therapy
No smoking
Use signage
Ensure electrical equipment is in good working order
Avoid static electricity
Have fire extinguishers available
Tracheostomy tubes are
Artificial airways
Desired outcomes of a Tracheostomy
- maintain patient airway
- improve comfort and ease of breathing
- maintain or improve pulmonary ventilation and oxygenation
- improve ability to participate in physical activities
- prevent risks associated with oxygenation problems
