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Fundamental Lec > Oxygenation > Flashcards

Oxygenation Flashcards

1
Q

It is the most important component of air and vital to all existence it is required for cell functioning

A

Oxygen

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2
Q

It is colorless other less tasteless and combustible gas

A

Oxygen

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3
Q

Oxygen constitute how many percent of the air we breathe

A

21

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4
Q

Absence of this can lead to cellular tissue and organism death

A

Oxygen

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5
Q

Is the process that includes inspiratory and expiratory activities exchange of gases

A

Oxygenation

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6
Q

It is the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide involving several body systems

A

Oxygenation

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7
Q

It is the deficiency of oxygen and arterial blood

A

Anoxemia

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8
Q

The process of gas exchange between the individual and the environment

A

Respiration

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9
Q

Facilitates gas exchanges and protects the body from foreign matters particles and pathogens

A

Structure of the respiratory system

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10
Q

What are the upper respiratory system

A

Mouth nose pharynx larynx nasal cavity

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11
Q

What are the lower respiratory system

A

Trachea and lungs with the bronchi bronchial alveoli pulmonary capillary network and plural membrane

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12
Q

What are the two functional anatomy of respiratory system

A

Conducting zone in respiratory zone

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13
Q

Conducts air to lungs consists of nose pharynx larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles in terminal bronchioles

A

Conducting zone

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14
Q

It is the main side of gas exchange it consists of respiratory bronchioles alveolar ducts alveolar sacs and alveoli

A

Respiratory zone

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15
Q

This is where air warmed humidified and filtered hair traps large particles and smaller particles with the nasal turbinate and septum

A

Nose

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16
Q

It is shared pathway for air and food supplied with lymphoid tissue that traps and destroys pathogens entering with the air

A

Pharynx

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17
Q

It is a cartilaginous structure identified Adam’s apple externally providing speech maintaining airway and patency and protecting the lower airways from swallowed food and fluid

A

Larynx

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18
Q

It is lined with mucosal epithelium produce mucus traps pathogens and microscopic particulate matters swept upward toward the larynx and throat by Cilia

A

Trachea

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19
Q

It is the right and left bronchi

A

Primary bronchi

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20
Q

It is the main organ of respiration

A

Lungs

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21
Q

Gas exchange occur or respiratory zone

A

Lungs

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22
Q

It lines the thorax and the surface of diaphragm

A

Parietal pleura

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23
Q

Covers external surface of lungs

A

Visceral pleura

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24
Q

A serous lubricating fluid

A

Pleural fluid

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25
Q

They are the site of gas exchange allows for gas exchange with capillaries

A

Alveoli

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26
Q

Adult has how many alveoli

A

300 million

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27
Q

It is a thin and highly permeable membrane essential to normal gas exchange

A

Alveoli

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28
Q

Explain the cardiac cycle

A
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29
Q

What are the process of respiratory system

A

Pulmonary ventilation
alveolar gas exchange
Perfusion
systemic diffusion

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30
Q

Does the movement of air into and out of the lungs

A

Ventilation

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31
Q

There are two phases of pulmonary ventilation

A

Inspiration and expiration

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32
Q

This reflex clear airway open and clear

A

Coughing reflex

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33
Q

It is excessive mucus production

A

Pneumonia

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34
Q

What parts of the brain control breathing

A

Medulla and pons

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35
Q

What are the drugs affecting the respiratory system

A

Antihistamines
antitussives
drugs for COPD
decongestants
expectorants

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36
Q

It is the pressure in the plural cavity surrounding the lungs it creates suction that holds the visceral pleura and parietal pleura ra together as just expands in contact

A

Intrapleural pressure

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37
Q

It acts as adhesive in lubricant aids with ease of filling and emptying of lungs

A

Pleural fluid

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38
Q

It is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the plural space resulting from excess fluid production or decreased absorption

A

Plural effusion

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39
Q

It is the volume of air moved into or out of the lungs in one breathe

A

Tidal volume

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40
Q

How many ml of air is inspired and expired for adults

A

500

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41
Q

It is the expandability or stretchability of lungs tissue

A

Lung compliance

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42
Q

Lipoprotein produced by specialized alveolar cell act like detergent reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid

A

Surfactant

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43
Q

Without surfactant what will happen with the lungs

A

Long collapse

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44
Q

It is the diffusion of O2 and CO2 between the Avila and pulmonary capillaries

A

Alveolar gas exchange

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45
Q

Pressure resulting from any gas in the mixture depending on its concentration

A

Partial pressure

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46
Q

It has greater solubility and diffuses more quickly allowing it to be exhaled during each expiratory phase

A

CO2

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47
Q

Gas exchange oxygen moves from the lungs to the bloodstream at the same time carbon dioxide passes from the blood to the lungs

A

Perfusion

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48
Q

Is the process of transporting nutrients to the cells and surrounding tissue

A

Perfusion

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49
Q

What system is the pump that does the transportation of of blood

A

Cardiovascular system

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50
Q

It is the amount of blood your heart pumps each minute

A

Cardiac output

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51
Q

How do you calculate cardiac output

A

Stroke volume x heart rate

52
Q

Normal erythrocytes for male

A

Average 5 million per cubic milliter

53
Q

Normal erythrocytes for a female

A

Average 4.5 per cubic milliter

54
Q

Normal hematocrite for male

A

40-54%

55
Q

Normal hematocrit for female

A

37-50%

56
Q

What do we call the percent of RBC in the blood

A

Blood hematocrit

57
Q

What are the four valves of the heart

A

Mitral tricuspid pulmonary and aortic

58
Q

Oxygen is carried via

A

Plasma and red blood cells

59
Q

Oxygen carrying form of hemoglobin

A

Oxyhemoglobin

60
Q

Exchange of O2 and CO2 between circulating blood and tissue cells

A

Internal respiration

61
Q

This the condition in which inadequate amount of oxygen is available to cells

A

Hypoxia

62
Q

The most common objective data of hypoxia are

A

Dyspnea
elevated blood pressure with small pulse pressure
increases respiratory and pulse rates pallor
cyanosis

63
Q

Hypoxia is often caused by

A

Hypoventilation

64
Q

Respiratory center is located in the what part of the brain

A

Medulla oblongata

65
Q

Of the three blood gases hydrogen O2 and CO2 increase what concentration normally has the strongest effect on stimulation

A

Co2

66
Q

While in client with chronic lung element such as emphysema what concentration plays a major role in regulating respiration

A

O2

67
Q

Blood transport gases between the lungs and the cell

A

Cardiovascular system

68
Q

Exchange gases between the atmosphere and the blood

A

Respiratory system

69
Q

Factors affecting respiratory function

A

Health status medication lifestyle environment stress and age

70
Q

Is the most important risk factor for COPD

A

Cigarette smoking

71
Q

It increases the rate and death of respiration it increases supply of oxygen in the body

A

Physical activity

72
Q

Gurgly or bubbly as air tries to pass through the secretion

A

Respiration sound

73
Q

Low pitch snoring sound during inhalation

A

Partial obstruction

74
Q

Indicates extreme inspiratory effort an inability to cough and speak Mark’s terminal and intercostal retraction

A

Complete obstruction

75
Q

Partial or complete occlusion of the passageway in the bronchi and lungs due to increased accumulation of mucus are inflammatory exudates

A

Lower airway obstruction

76
Q

A hash pitch sound during inhalation

A

Stridor

77
Q

It is the shortness of breath or what we call “air hunger”

A

Dyspnea

78
Q

It refers to the rate volume rhythm and relative is or effort of respiration

A

Breathing pattern

79
Q

Normal respiration quiet rhytymic and effortless

A

EUPnea

80
Q

Rapid respiration patient with fever pain and hypoxymia

A

Tachypnea

81
Q

Abnormal slow respiratory rate

A

Bradypnea

82
Q

Absence of breathing

A

Apnea

83
Q

Alveolar ventilation inadequate to meet the body’s oxygen demand or to eliminate sufficient carbon dioxide it is slow or shallow breathing

A

Hypoventilation

84
Q

Increase level of carbon dioxide

A

Hypercarbia

85
Q

Ventilation in excess of death required to eliminate carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism

A

Hypervent

86
Q

Fast labored breathing too much CO2 in the body

A

Kussmaul’s breathing

87
Q

Very deep to very shallow with short period of apnea

A

Cheyne strokes respiration

88
Q

Shallow breaths interrupted by apnea

A

Biot’s respiration

89
Q

Snoring lower pitch than wheezes

A

Ronchi

90
Q

Inability to breathe easily unless setting up right or standing

A

Orthopnea

91
Q

Inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level

A

Hypoxia

92
Q

Physical examination for oxygenation

A

Inspection palpation percussion in auscultation

93
Q

How do you measure the acidity in the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

A

Blood test taken from radial brachial or femoral

94
Q

What is the normal pH of the blood

A

7.35 to 7.45

95
Q

What is the normal carbon dioxide MMHG

A

34 to 45 mmhg

96
Q

It measures the total amount of carbon dioxide in the blood

A

Bicarbonate test

97
Q

Is an electrolyte used by the body to help maintain the body’s acid base pH balance

A

Bicarbonate

98
Q

A non-invasive and painless test that measures your oxygen saturation level or the oxygen levels in your body

A

Pulse oximetry

99
Q

What is the normal saturation oxygen levels

A

95%

100
Q

A non-invasive dust measures non-volume capacity rate of flow and gas exchange

A

Pulmonary function tests

101
Q

Is a device which records the peak or maximal flow during a force expiratory maneuver

A

Peak flow meter

102
Q

Measures how fast air can be expelled from the lungs

A

Peak flow meter

103
Q

A diagnosis which is inability to clear secretions or obstructions from this respiratory tract to maintain a clear airway

A

Ineffective Airway clearance

104
Q

Diagnosis where Inspiration and or expiration that does not provide adequate ventilation

A

Ineffective breathing pattern

105
Q

A diagnosis where excess or deficit in oxygen and or carbon dioxide elimination at the alveolar capillary member

A

Impaired gas exchange

106
Q

A diagnosis we are insufficient physiological or psychological energy to endure or complete required or desired daily activities

A

Activity intolerance

107
Q

The patient sits or stands leaning towards with the arms supported forces the diaphragm down and forward and stabilizes the chest while reducing the work of breathing what position is this

A

Tripod position

108
Q

Inhalation followed by two quick force exhalation through open mouth it aids in moving secretions along airways

A

Huffing

109
Q

A medication that dilates the bronchioles and improved breathing

A

Bronchodilators

110
Q

A medication that decrease edema and inflammation in the airway and allowing better air exchange

A

Anti-inflammatory drugs

111
Q

I am medication that help break up mucus making it more liquid and easier to expecttorate

A

Expectorants

112
Q

It decreases blood flow to the upper respiratory tract and decreases the excessive production of secretion what medication is this

A

Decongestant

113
Q

what medication breaks up mucus for easier to expectorate

A

Mucolytic

114
Q

It is a percussion that is forceful striking of the skin with cupped hands can mechanically dislodge tenacious secretions from the bronchial wall

A

Clapping

115
Q

Series of vigorous quivering produced by hands that are placed flat against chest wall it is used after percussion to increase turbulence of the exhaled air and does loosen thick secretions

A

Vibration

116
Q

It is used to prevent dryness and irritation of mucous membranes commonly used when oxygen is delivered at the high rates

A

Humidification

117
Q

An O2 delivery system that is also called prongs, does not impede eating or speaking easily

A

Nasal cannula

118
Q

02 delivery system that cover clients nose and mouth

A

Face mask

119
Q

This is to drain this substances and allow the long to re-expand

A

Chest tube

120
Q

It is at the accumulation of fluid within the plural cavity

A

Plural effusion

121
Q

Blood collection with the plural space

A

Hemothorax

122
Q

Collection of air outside the lungs and within the plural cavity

A

Pneumothorax

123
Q

Where is the chest tube inserted

A

Plural space

124
Q

Prevents air from written during the chest while chest tube is inserted

A

Closed water seal drainage system

125
Q

Prevents excess suction pressure

A

Suction control chamber

Fundamental Lec (7 decks)

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