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Pharm 1 Exam 2 > Oxygenation > Flashcards

Oxygenation Flashcards

1
Q

Classification for Fexofenadine (Allegra)?

A

Antihistamine ; H1 receptor antagonist

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2
Q

Contraindications for fexofenadine (Allegra)?

A

Neonates

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3
Q

Uses/action for fexofenadine (Allegra)?

A

Competes with histamine for H1 receptor sites.
Blocks effects of H1 receptors resulting in < edema, flare & rhinitis
Uses: seasonal allergic rhinitis & chronic uticaria

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4
Q

Interactions with fexofenadine (Allegra)?

A

Antacids
St. John’s wort
Grapefruit or apple juice

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5
Q

Side effects of fexofenadine (Allegra)?

A

Headache

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6
Q

Nursing interventions for fexofenadine (Allegra)?

A

Monitor for effectiveness

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7
Q

Classification for diphenhydramine (benadryl)?

A

Antihistamine; H1 receptor antagonist

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8
Q

Contraindications for diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

A

Glaucoma
BPH
Bladder neck obstruction
GI obstruction or stenosis
Lactation
Neonates

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9
Q

Uses/action for diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

A

Competes with histamine for H1 receptor sites
Uses: symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, vertigo, reactions to blood transfusion, anaphylaxis, Parkinsonism EPSs, cough suppressant, sedative-hypnotic

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10
Q

Interactions with diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

A

Alcohol, CNS depressants, MAOIs

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11
Q

Side effects of diphenhydramine (benadryl)?

A

Drowsiness
Tachycardia
Dry mouth
Urinary retention

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12
Q

Nursing interventions for diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

A

Drowsiness - first few days; prevent falls
No driving until effects known
Increase fluid intake

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13
Q

Classification for fluticasone (Flonase)?

A

Intranasal corticosteroid

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14
Q

Contraindications for fluticasone (Flonase)?

A

Infections

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15
Q

Uses/action for fluticasone (Flonase)?

A

Decreases inflammation in nasal passages
Uses: allergic rhinitis, bronchial inflammation

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16
Q

Interactions with fluticasone (Flonase)?

A

Ritonavir
Licorice
St John’s wort

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17
Q

Side effects of fluticasone (Flonase)?

A

Rare
Nasal irritation (epistaxis - bleeding from nose)
Headache (nasopharyngitis)

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18
Q

Nursing interventions for fluticasone (Flonase)?

A

Follow directions given by manufacturer
Blow nose before administering

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19
Q

Classification for Oxymetazoline (afrin)?

A

Decongestant, sympathomimetic

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20
Q

Contraindications for oxymetazoline (afrin)?

A

Glaucoma
Hypertension

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21
Q

Uses/action for oxymetazoline (afrin)?

A

Sympathomimetic; vasoconstriction in nasal passages
Uses: Nasal congestion

22
Q

Side effects of oxymetazoline (afrin)?

A

Burning
Sneezing
Rebound congestion

23
Q

Nursing interventions for oxymetazoline (afrin)?

A

Head slightly forward, sniff briskly
Rinse spray tip with hot water after use

24
Q

Decongestant action, side effects, nursing interventions?

A

Action - sympathomimetic
Side effects
—- intranasal - local
—- systemic - hypertension, CNS stimulation, insomnia, anxiety
Interventions
—- IN - do not use for longer than 3-5 days
—- systemic - monitor BP & HR

25
Antitussives action, side effects?
Action: Dampen cough reflex (use w/ dry, hacking, nonproductive cough) Side effects: respiratory depression - opiates, hallucinations, slurred speech, dizziness, drowsiness, euphoria
26
Expectorants action, side effects?
Action: Reduce the thickness of bronchial secretions Side effects: Drowsiness, headache, GI upset
27
Mucolytics action, side effects?
Action: Loosen thick bronchial secretions Side effects: Unpleasant odor, nausea
28
Beta-adrenergic agonist action, side effects and nursing interventions?
Action: bronchodilation Side effects: Palpitations, headache, tachycardia
29
Anticholinergic action, side effects, nursing interventions?
Action: Bronchodilation, slower onset, < intense bronchodilation, prolonged action Side effects: Dry mouth, headache, cough, GI distress, headache, anxiety Nursing interventions: Alternative to beta agonists
30
Methylxanthines action, side effects, nursing interventions?
Action: long-term persistent asthma resistant to above drugs; bronchodilators Side effects: N & V, CNS stimulation, dysrhythmias, nervousness, insomnia Nursing interventions: Chemically related to caffeine, narrow safety margin, significant drug interactions.
31
Corticosteroids action, side effects, nursing interventions?
Action — IN - long-term asthma — Oral - acute asthma attacks, anti inflammatory Side effects — inhaled: hoarseness, dry mouth, cough, sore throat Nursing interventions — inhaled: systemic effects rare (slow absorb) — > 10 days - osteoporosis
32
Leukotriene modifiers action, side effects, nursing interventions?
Action: Block leukotriene (edema, inflammation, bronchodilation) Side effects: Headache, cough, GI upset, nasal congestion Nursing interventions: > frequency of cough > age 65, Monitor liver function, contraindicate w/ chronic alcohol use.
33
Mast Cell Stabilizers action, side effects, nursing interventions?
Inhibit release of histamine from mast cells - anti-inflammatory Side effects: Stinging, burning of nasal mucosa, throat irritation, nasal congestion Nursing interventions: Less effective than inhaled corticosteroids, short half-life; inhaled 6 times daily
34
Classification for theophylline (theo-dur)?
Methylxanthine
35
Contraindication for theophylline (Theo-dur)?
CAD (coronary artery disease) angina renal or liver impairment.
36
Uses/action for theophylline (Theo-dur)?
Bronchodilator Smooth muscle relaxant Uses: bronchial asthma, bronchospams
37
Before giving theophylline (Theo-dur)?
Check theophylline serum level.
38
Interactions with theophylline?
Lithium Cimetidine Allopurinol Zileuton Tobacco St. John’s wort Daidzein Black pepper
39
Side effects of theophylline?
Tachycardia Nausea
40
Nursing interventions for theophylline?
Monitor VS, respiratory status Toxicity: anorexia, N & V, dizziness, shakiness, restlessness, abd discomfort, irritability, palpitations, tachycardia, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, seizures Monitor theophylline levels closely esp in smokers Older pts - dizziness, safety measures Take medications @ same time each day Limit caffeine Increase fluids (2-3,000 ml/day) Avoid OTC cough suppressants (thicken secretions)
41
Classification for Beclomethasone?
Anti-inflammatory, corticosteroid
42
Contraindication for Beclomethasone?
Monitor growth in children Infection
43
Uses/action for Beclomethasone?
Intranasal corticosteroid Decreases inflammation
44
Side effect of Beclomethasone?
Inhaled produces few systemic effects Local effects: hoarseness, dry mouth, changes in taste Long term effects: cataracts
45
Nursing interventions for Beclomethasone?
Do not use w/ acute asthma attack Assess for infections
46
Classification for montelukast (singulair)?
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
47
Contraindications for montelukast (singulair)?
Concurrent use of aspirin or NSAIDs, liver disease
48
Uses/action for montelukast (singulair)?
Antagonizes leukotriene (bronchoconstrictor, mucous producer) Uses: Allergic rhinitis, asthma, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction; prophylactic use only
49
Side effects of montelukast (singulair)?
Headache
50
Nursing interventions for montelukast (singulair)?
Monitor liver function Do not use for reversal of acute asthma attack Can take a week or longer to work
51
Why would medications for lower respiratory problems be given by inhalation?
Medication is given directly to the source of inflammation; decrease system effects of the medication.
52
When the patient uses multiple inhalers, what instructions does the nurse give to the patient on their use?
5 minutes between puffs for a dose, bronchodilators first if using multiple types.

Pharm 1 Exam 2 (4 decks)

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