Oxygenation

Question 1

Adventitious

Answer 1

abnormal breath sound heard over the lungs

Question 2

Alveoli

Answer 2

small air sacs at the end of the terminal bronchioles that are the site of gas exchange

Question 3

Angina

Answer 3

a temporary imbalance between the amount of oxygen needed by the heart and the amount delivered to the heart muscles

Question 4

Arterial Blood Gas

Answer 4

a diagnostic test examining arterial blood; used to determine the pressure exerted by oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 5

Atelectasis

Answer 5

incomplete expansion or collapse of a part of the lungs

Question 6

Atria

Answer 6

upper chambers of the heart

Question 7

Atrioventricular Bundle

Answer 7

a bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles, causing them to contract

Question 8

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

Answer 8

a node of specialized heart muscle located in the septal wall of the right atrium; receives impulses from the sinoatrial node and transmits them to the atrioventricular bundle

Question 9

Bradypnea

Answer 9

slow rate of breathing

Question 10

Bronchial

Answer 10

those heard over the larynx and trachea are high-pitched, harsh “blowing” sounds, with sound on expiration being longer than inspiration

Question 11

Bronchodilator

Answer 11

medication that reflexes contractions of smooth muscles of the branchioles

Question 12

Bronchovesicular

Answer 12

normal breath sounds heard over the mainstem bronchus; they are moderate blowing sounds, with inspiration equal to expiration

Question 13

Capnography

Answer 13

a method to monitor ventilation and, indirectly, blood flow through the lungs

Question 14

Cardiopulmonary

Answer 14

relating to the heart and the lungs

Question 15

Cardiovascular

Answer 15

relating to the heart and blood vessels

Question 16

Cilia

Answer 16

mircoscopic, hair-like projections that propel mucus toward the upper airway so that it can be expected

Question 17

Crackles

Answer 17

fine, crackling sounds made as air moves through wet secretions in the lungs

Question 18

Diffusion

Answer 18

tendency of solutes to move freely throughout a solvent from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is established

Question 19

Dyspnea

Answer 19

difficult or labored breathing

Question 20

Dysrhythmia

Answer 20

an abnormal cardiac rhythm

Question 21

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Answer 21

graphic record produced by the electrocardiograph

Question 22

Endotracheal Tube

Answer 22

polyvinyl-chloride airway that is inserted through the nose or the mouth into the trachea, using a laryngoscope as a guide

Question 23

Expiration

Answer 23

act of breathing out; synonym for exhalation

Question 24

Hyperventilation

Answer 24

condition in which there is more than the normal amount of air entering and leaving the lungs

Question 25

Hypoventilation

Answer 25

decreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs

Question 26

Hypoxemia

Answer 26

deficient oxygenation of blood

Question 27

Hypoxia

Answer 27

Inadequate amount of oxygen available to the cells

Question 28

Inspiration

Answer 28

act of breathing in

Question 29

Internal Respiration

Answer 29

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the circulating blood and tissue cells

Question 30

Ischemia

Answer 30

deficiency of blood in a particular area

Question 31

Nasal Cannula

Answer 31

disposable, plastic device that delivers oxygen via two protruding prongs for insertion into the nostrils

Question 32

Oxygenation

Answer 32

process of providing cells life-sustaining oxygen

Question 33

Perfusion

Answer 33

process by which oxygenated blood passes through body tissues

Question 34

Pulmonary Ventilation

Answer 34

movement of air into and out of the lungs

Question 35

Pulse Oximetry

Answer 35

noninvasive techniquethat measures the oxygen saturation (SaO2) of arterial blood

Question 36

Respiration

Answer 36

gas exchange between the atmospheric air in the alveoli and blood in the capillaries

Question 37

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

Answer 37

a mass of tissue in the upper right atrium, just below the opening of the superior vena cava, that initiates the transmission of electrical impulses, causing contraction of the heart at regular intervals; also known as pacemaker

Question 38

Spirometer

Answer 38

instrument used to measure lung capacities and volumes; one type is used to encourage deep breathing (incentive spirometry)

Question 39

Sputum

Answer 39

respiratory secretion expelled by coughing or cleaning the throat

Question 40

Surfactant

Answer 40

detergent-like phospholipid that reduces surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli

Question 41

Tachypnea

Answer 41

rapid rate of breathing

Question 42

Tracheostomy

Answer 42

artificial opening made in the trachea through which a tracheostomy tube is inserted

Question 43

Ventricles

Answer 43

lower chambers of the heart

Question 44

Vesicular

Answer 44

normal sound of respirations heard on auscultation over peripheral lung areas

Question 45

Wheezes

Answer 45

Continuous, high-pitched squeak or musical sound made as air moves through narrowed or partially obstructed airway passages