oxygen Flashcards
what is avogadros law
equal volume of gases (at same temp and pressure) have same number of molecules, (1 mol = 22.4 L)
why do we need the O2 system
- pressure loss
- smoke
- toxic gas
what are system requirements
- indicate loss oxygen pp
- provide oxygen to pax until get to safe altitude
- as safe as possible o2 storage
- portable for crew
- still communicate
- redundancy
- easy to deploy
- pilot put on with one hand
list some properties of oxygen
21% abundant, 50% by mass
very reactive (not combustable but starts combustion)
slightly denser than air
poor conductor of heat of electricity
what are ways to obtain oxygen
- distillation of liquid air
- pass clean dry air through a zeolite filter to get nitrogen
- partially permeable ceramic membrane
what is hypoxia, symptoms
too little oxygen
quickly fatal
cant tell youre o2 deprived until too late
symptoms: euphoria, tired, vision bad (subjective)
hyperventillate, blue face, down coordination, loc, death (objective)
how does the body use (get oxygen)
breathes in oxygen to use for cellular respiration. oxygen dissolved in blood (increased saturation via haemoglobin) and the pressure gradient causes gas exchange at the alveoli.
oxygen dissolved in blood (increased saturation via haemoglobin)
same thing backwards with exhalign c02
what is daltons law
total pressure of a gas is the sum of each partial pressure of individual gases
what is time of usefull consciousness? ranges?
time between loss of sufficient o2 and ability to initiate counter measures.
18,000ft -> 30 min
40,000 ft -> 15 sec (gets very small
at what altitude do you need full concentratino 02
37,000ft
what are 6 ways to classify the oxygen system
- sourse
- mask
- regulator type
- who is using
- portable vs not
- reason
explain the different types of oxygen based on the reason for it
in non pressurized cabins: normal and emergency oxygen
in pressurized cabins: emergency oxygen (decompression), sustenence o2 (after decompression), first aid o2, supplemental o2 (msintain peak condition at higher cabin altitudes)
what were the regulator times on the first aircraft, what were the disadvantages of this
no regulators
wasteful (exhaling, no regulation at low altitudes)
potentially no mask
what are the different (5) regulator types
- continuous flow,
- demand system
- pressure demand
- diluter demand
- pressure demand with dilution at low altitudes
which regulator types are most common in transport aircraft
continuous flow pax
diluter demand light crew