Oxygen Flashcards
Oxygen Requirements over 12,500
Minimum flight crew Must use oxygen after 30 mins
Oxygen requirements Above 14,000
Minimum flight crew is provided with and uses supplemental oxygen.
Oxygen requirements Above 15,000
Each occupant is provided with supplemental oxygen.
Oxygen requirements Above FL250
At least a 10 minute supply of supplemental oxygen for each occupant on board
Oxygen requirements above FL350
One Pilot must be using oxygen if the other leaves the control.
Oxygen requirements above FL410
Both pilots must use oxygen at the controls.
4 types of Aircraft oxygen system design.
-Chemical Oxygen
-Potable gaseous
-On-Board Oxygen generating system
-Liquid oxygen system
Chemical oxygen System
•used in large aircraft for 10 minute supply
•face mask that drops, chemical reaction with sodium chlorate
Portable Gaseous Oxygen System
•Provides oxygen for aircraft’s that lack an oxygen system or for passengers when pilots are using theirs
•consists of
-Container
-Regulator
-Mask outlet
-Pressure gauge
On-Board oxygen generating system (OBOGS)
•converts engine compressor bleed air to oxygen-rich breathing air and pressurized air for at the correct pressure and temperature
•provides a continuous supply of breathing air for crew while the engine is operating
Liquid Oxygen System
Liquid oxygen systems, or LOX, is used in some jet aircraft because LOX storage occupies less space and weigh less than those used for gaseous oxygen
(Similar to portable but uses liquid oxygen)
7 types of Supplemental Oxygen Delivery Systems
•Cannula
•Continuous-Flow Oxygen system
•Electrical Pulse Demand
•Continuous Flow
•Constant Flow
•Diluter Demand
•Pressure Demand
Cannula delivery system
•A cannula is an ergonomic piece of plastic tubing that runs under the nose and is often used to administer oxygen in non-pressurized aircraft
•Used up to 18,000 feet and are not authorized to use above.
Continuous-Flow oxygen Delivery System
•The passenger mask typically has a reservoir bag, which collects oxygen from the continuous-flow oxygen system when the mask user is exhaling
Electrical Pulse Demand oxygen delivery system
•delivers oxygen by detecting an individual’s inhalation effort and provide oxygen flow during the initial portion of inhalation
•can reduce the amount of oxygen needed by 50-85%
•incorporate an internal barometer that automatically compensates for changes in altitude by increasing the amount of oxygen delivered for each pulse as altitude is increased
Continuous Flow oxygen delivery system
•Usable up to 25,000
•Provides constant delivery
Constant Flow Oxygen Delivery system
•Delivery’s constant flow of oxygen
•Adjustable Flow or Altitude-Compensated which utilizes barometric pressure to adjust oxygen flow per altitude
•oronasal mask that covers both nose and mouth
Diluter Demand system
•Diluter-demand oxygen systems supply oxygen only when the user inhales through the mask
•An auto-mix lever allows the regulators to automatically mix cabin air and oxygen or supply 100% oxygen, depending on the altitude
•provides oxygen up to 40,000 feet.
Pressure demand
•Pressure-demand regulators create airtight and oxygen-tight seals, but they also provide a positive pressure application of oxygen to the mask facepiece that allows the user’s lungs to pressurize with oxygen
•pressure-demand is used above 40,000ft
Oxygen Preflight Checklist
“PRICE”
P-pressure
R-regulator
I-indicators
C-connections
E-Emergency
Scuba Diving wait time below 8000msl
•12 hours for uncontrolled ascent
•24 hours for controlled ascent
Scuba Diving wait time above 8000msl
Above 8000 should be 24 hours no matter the dive.
Oxygen Face Masks
Cannula
Oral nasal rebreather
Quick-Don mask
Airline Drop down units
Oral- Nasal Rebreather mask
Covers nose and mouth, when exhaling it fills bag up mixed with 100% oxygen and is safe up to 25,000
Quick Don Mask
Must have capability to be donned with one hand in 5 seconds or less, capable up to 40,000ft
Airline Drop Down units
Allows a mixture of cabin air and 100% oxygen and safe up to 40,000ft
How much time do you have if you occur rapidly decompression?
30,000- 1-3mins
35,000- 30sec-1min
40,000- 15-20 seconds
What are the three types of Decompression?
Explosive
Rapid
Gradual
What is explosive Decompression?
Pressure changes in less than .5 seconds, faster then lungs can decompress, lung damage
What is rapid decompression?
Complete pressurization loss occurs in less than 10 seconds.
What is gradual decompression?
As cabin altitude increases your ability to detect decompression is impaired by hypoxia.
What is Hypoxia?
A result of the bloods reduced ability to carry oxygen.
What are the types of hypoxia?
Hypoxic
Hypemic
Histotoxic
Stagnant
What is Hypoxic Hypoxia
Not enough oxygen for the lungs to efficiently transfer oxygen to the blood.
What is hypemic hypoxia?
Reduced ability of the blood to carry oxygen, multiple reasons including carbon monoxide, hemoglobin bonds with it 200 times more rapidly than it does with oxygen.
What is stagnant hypoxia?
This occurs when there is not enough blood flow to carry the oxygen around the body.
•May happen following a rapid decompression or in cold weather not using heat.
What is Histotoxic Hypoxia?
The cells are unable to accept the oxygen, usually because of alcohol, medication, or drugs.
