Oxidation states Flashcards
Oxidation state
the degree of oxidation of an atom in a molecule
the charge of an atom if all the bonds it formed were ionic bonds
elements in their free states
oxidation of 0
H
+1 except in metal hydrides, where it is -1
Oxygen in compounds
-2 except in peroxides where it is -1 and in OF2 where it is +2
Group I element in a compound
+1
Group II element in a compound
+2
Group VII element in a compound
-1
except when that element is combined with one having a higher electronegativity.
E.g The oxidation number of Cl is -1 in HCl, but the oxidation number of Cl is +1 in HOCl.
sum of the oxidation numbers of all of the atoms in a neutral compound
0
sum of the oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion
equal to the charge of the ion.
For example, the sum of the oxidation numbers for SO42- is -2. O4 has an oxidation number of -8, therefore S must have an oxidation number of +6
Disproportionation reaction
reaction in which a compound undergoes oxidation as well as reduction
Ferritin
protein that stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion
Iron stored
in the Fe(III) oxidation state
release iron when the body needs it
iron must be changed from the Fe(III) to the Fe(II) oxidation state
