Ownership and control Flashcards
What does Rupert Murdoch own and market share
Sun and the times
32%
What does the manipulative / instrumentalist approach focus on
The dominant ideoligy
The influence of owners
Commodity fetishism
Criticisms of manipulative approach
Audiences aren’t as guallable as suggested, people do ignore lots of news
there are regulators (ofcom) ensuring not one company has too much influence, against law to report news impartially
What is the dominant ideoligy
Marxist suggests it is spread by ISAs promoting a false class conciousness
The media control access to knowledge making them an agent of ideological control
Can be seen through government censorship
Milliband
Media play an important role for dominant ideoligies as they control what people talk about and can lable people challenging dominant views as crazy
Influence of owners
Curran and Seaton suggests media owners do intefers to protect their own interests :eg: the leveson inquiry 2012 where it was found thatthe media supported political parties in return for policies favouring media owners
Commodity fetish
The manipulative approach assumes readers wont mind reading dumbed down stories instead of serious stories that make the rc look bad
Whos is associated with the hegemonic approach
Neo marxists and Glasgow media group
What does hegemony suggest
Suggestion from GMG that as most reporters are white mc, they dont mind going along with the dominant ideoligy
What % of journalists are independently educated
56
Economic pressures
Hegemonic approach
Dominant ideoligy isnt always met as a way of making a different story which may make more profits
Also must cater to companies for sponsorships
Agenda setting and gatekeeping
Hegemonic approach
May limit informatin which they release and manipulate the stories to push an agenda
E.g: in 2011, reports were done on damage caused by riots, not why they were rioting
Criticisms of hegemonic approach
Underates influence of owners, workers at the sun claim to think about how Murdoch would present a story
Agenda setting/ gatekeeping is similar to manipulative/instrumentalist approach
Pluralists argue new digital media has taken power from the owners into hands of the audiences
Pluralist approach
Media proffesionalism :journalists have integrity
More choics: audience have a pick and mix approach to what they read
Importance of attracting audiences : owners aren’t fighting for a di, but profits. The audience has purchasing power, so firms must cater to their needs or they will go out of business. Journalists use news values(what makes a story newsworthy) to do this
Criticism of pluralism
Hegemonic theorists argue people have been manipulated and dont know what they want
Not all groups have as much influence
