Globalisation and culture

Question 1

Mcluhan

Answer 1

Rapid technelogical channge has formed a global village where people across the world can now communicate

Question 2

What is popular culture

Answer 2

Passive and unchallenging entertainment desighned to be sold to lots of people
Dumbed down, free to watch and has little renown

Question 3

What is high culture

Answer 3

Aimed at mc audiences, limked to cultural capital
Should be treated with respect as it is regarded artistic and long-lasting . eg.g: opera, ballet

Question 4

Flew

Answer 4

Global hemoginization - evolution of new media technologies : satellite tv, internet has played important role in development of global popular culture

Question 5

Marketization

Answer 5

Global conglomerates such as nike and cola influences the daily lives of people becoming cultural symbols and diminishing local culture

Question 6

Tourism

Answer 6

International tourism allows for people to experience cultures from all around the world to suit their own consumer lifestyle

Question 7

Cultural hemoginization

Answer 7

The growing similarity to culture
Eg same films, music and designer clothes

Question 8

Marxists

Answer 8

Argue global culture isnt global, but predominantly western (american)

Question 9

Postmodernists

Answer 9

No single culture, but a variety people can pick and chose from
Describe it as hybridization - a mix or blend of cultures, where global products are adapted to be more in keeping with the local culture, eg Mcdonalds in India doesn’t use pork or beef in their burgers

Question 10

Cultural imperialism

Answer 10

Idea that western culture is dominating and taking over local cultures
Media imperialism is a cause of cultural imperialism

Question 11

Media imperialism

Answer 11

idea western media is becoming more popular around the world , therefore making it more important than local cultures

Question 12

Fenton - marxist

Answer 12

Cocacolanisation - most media conglomerates are based in US, dominating media communications
The media promotes a global culture ideoligy of consumption, leading to western products and values being forced on non-western cultures

Question 13

Fenton Evaluation

Answer 13

Assumes non-western audiences are passive
Local media and culture still exist in non-western world

Question 14

Global village evaluation - marxists

Answer 14

Reproduces dominant western ideoligy across world on global scale, promoting western values and products such as joining the labour force, indoctrinating people of all cultures and simply doing the bidding of the beourjoise. May start off as media imperialism but leads to cultural imperialism, destroying local communities in return for cheap labour

Question 15

Global village evaluation - pluralists

Answer 15

It spreads many diffucult cultures being included and now represented in Hollywood
Livingstone found writers of popular culture often include challenging views
Many powerful people, celebrities or businessmen are minorites

Question 16

Tomlinson - pluralist

Answer 16

people pick and mix on both western and their own cultures. Globalisation isn’t specifically western, but a hybrid of cultures
Increased choice for consumers

Question 17

Compaine - pluralist

Answer 17

Global competition expands sources of info and entertainment rather than restricting or dumbing down. New tech like phones allows people top generate their own popular culture

Question 18

Garrod - post modernists

Answer 18

Hyper reality, blurs reality between reality and media leaving audience confused

Question 19

Strinati - post modernist

Answer 19

Media shapes consumer choice, popular culture bombards us and in a media saturated society, leading us to make purchases irrationally
Effects quality of purchases as people are pressured to conform and care about media-image

Question 20

Baudrillard - post modernist

Answer 20

People care more about media more than actual life, become blind to what’s happening in real life
In a media-saturated society, media images dominate our life and distort our view on the world, war in hollywood are often glamourized - less brutal

Question 21

Evaluation of post modernists

Answer 21

Assume people don’t approach media with any prior experiences and don’t ever ignore or interpret differently
Media doesnt create new images, just reinforces stereotypes
Not everyone has access to media
Marxists believe this”choice” is a myth as it’s all owned by conglomerates
Doesn’t account for other aspects of life, class, gender, sexuality, class