Overview, Visceral Afferent, Parasympathetic Overview

Question 1

Somatic nervous system carries what kind of fibers?

Answer 1

afferent and efferent

Question 2

Describe afferent fibers of somatic nervous system.

Answer 2

afferent=sensory

cell bodies are in the PNS

Question 3

Describe efferent fibers of somatic nervous system.

Answer 3

afferent=motor

cell bodies are found in the CNS

Question 4

What kind of fibers are associated with visceral (autonomic) nervous system?

Answer 4

sympathetic, parasympathetic

Question 5

What is the job of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 5

to have the two components (sympathetic and parasympathetic) working together to maintain homeostasis and optimal functioning

Question 6

Can the parasympathetics and sympathetics use other neurotransmitters?

Answer 6

yes, they can use something other than cholinergic (parasympathetic) or adrenergic (sympathetic

Question 7

What does the visceral nervous system innervate?

Answer 7

secretory glands, organs of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities and the vasculature

Question 8

What does visceral afferent mean?

Answer 8

autonomic (parasympathetic and sympathetic) sensory fibers

Question 9

Where are the visceral afferent cell bodies located?

Answer 9

posterior root ganglia or relevant cranial nerve ganglia

Question 10

What are the cranial nerve ganglia that visceral afferent cell bodies can be located?

Answer 10

inferior ganglion of vagus

geniculate ganglion of CN VIII

Question 11

Central process are also known as what?

Answer 11

axons

Question 12

Where do the axons of the visceral afferents enter the cord?

Answer 12

posterior root or specific cranial nerves

Question 13

Peripheral processes are also known as what?

Answer 13

dendrites

Question 14

Where do dendrites carry impulses to and from for visceral afferents? Via what?

Answer 14

from viscera to cell bodies via autonomic ganglia, plexus or somatic nerves without synapse

Question 15

Where can sympathetic afferents carry impulses?

Answer 15

they can travel through the sympathetic trunk and to spinal ganglia by passing through the white ramus communicans

Question 16

White ramus communicans are associated with what autonomic fiber?

Answer 16

sympathetics

Question 17

Where can parasympathetic afferents carry impulse?

Answer 17

they can travel in sacral spinal nerves and cranial nerves

Question 18

Visceral afferent fibers are assoicated with what receptors?

Answer 18

receptors that are sensitive to pressure (baroreceptors), chemical concentrations (chemoreceptors) and muscle stretching (GI tract)

Question 19

What are baroreceptors?

Answer 19

receptors that are sensitive to pressure

Question 20

What are chemoreceptors?

Answer 20

receptors that are sensitive to chemical concentrations

Question 21

What can parasympathetic fibers do?

Answer 21

decrease heart rate and stroke volume, constrict the bronchial tree, constrict pupils, increase speed of GI tract

Question 22

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers are carried in what nerves?

Answer 22

oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus, sacral spinal nerves 2,3,4

Question 23

Where do preganglionic parasympathetic fibers generally synapse?

Answer 23

postganglionic neurons in the peripheral ganglia

Question 24

What are examples of peripheral ganglia that preganglionic parasympathetics can synapse on?

Answer 24

ciliary, pterygopalatine, otic, submandibular

Question 25

Generally, which cranial nerves supply structures in the head?

Answer 25

III, VII, IX

Question 26

Generally, what does cranial nerve X supply?

Answer 26

cardiac, respiratory and digestive structures in the neck, thorax and abdomen

Question 27

Generally, what do sacral spinal nerves 2,3,4 supply?

Answer 27

distal parts of digestive system and urogenital systems