Overview of Roman Kings

Question 1

Romulus

Answer 1

• built the ‘asylum’ a temple for refugees coming to Rome - liby says this mainly attracted criminals however Dionysius says it was for mainly greek refugees
• when building the first walls of Rome, Remus jumped over the walls to disrespect Romulus, Romulus then killed remus for this.
• when Rome was built, there were not enough women so Romulus had to find a way of getting more. romulus held a festival in Rome and tricked the Sabines into going. Romans then ambushed them and captured all the women. Rome and the sabines then went to war but the sabine women forbade it and so a peace treaty was declared.

Romulus’ death is described where he was swept up by a large storm never to be seen again. the Roman soldiers felt sorrow for his death.

Question 2

Numa

Answer 2

• Numas main ambition as king was to keep Rome peaceful without war and unite the people through religion.
• main changes were -
• divided Rome into districts with officials to inspect them.
• established the vestal virgins and set aside funds for the creation of their temple.
• created the temple of Janus where its doors were open for war and shut for peace.
• created the lunar calendar
• appointed a religious pontiff who was in charge of all religious practices.

Question 3

Tullus Hostillius

Answer 3

-Succession of Numa-

• Proved himself in battle against the Sabines
• was declared king by the wishes of the people and the senate agreed.
• given his fighting past, Tullus would do anything to stir up war for his new Rome.

his first dispute was with an Alban king who wanted compensation for damages caused by Roman cattle raiders. Both kings refused to comprimise and this meant war.

when plague struck Rome Tullus didnt allow his army to rest and for this the people hated him and many died. as punishment the gods struck him down with a thunderbolt.

Tullus also expanded Rome with his victories over Alba and the Sabines. He gave land to the Homeless and built new farms for them. He also built a new settlement for the Albans.

Question 4

Ancus marcius

Answer 4

• a balanced king with both war and peace throughout his reign
• brought back his grandfather, Numas law about the wooden planks around the city
• would give the people a say in foreign affairs and would ask the tribes
• invited latin people to become roman citizens after defeating them at the battle of Medullia
• made the Admircrue district to allow more people to live in Rome
• added new fortifications to Rome

Question 5

Tarquinius Priscus

Answer 5

Political:
- added 100 men to the senate to consolidate his power (good warriors)
- Built the Circus Maximus
- murdered Ancus Marquis’ son to gain power

Social:
- the construction of the Circus Maximus meant there could be more festivals and games
- constructed an open air sewer (Cloaca Maxima) which was later finished by his son

Religious:
- increased number of vestal virgins to 6
- introduced harsher punishments to the vestals who broke their chastity

was later assassinated by the sons of Ancus Marquius

Question 6

Servius Tullius

Answer 6

• was secured the throne by the wife and first queen of Rome, Tarquin, Priscus’ wife because she when the slave was sleeping his head burst into flames meaning he was supposedly royalty
• together they planned revenge on the death of Tarquinius Priscus on the sons of Ancus Marquius

Political changes:

• men with assets worth more than 100,000 asses were divided so people older than 40 would defend the city and younger would fight for Romes glory
• He made the census depending on your wealth meant how much military service you had to give ( 5 classes)

Social changes:

• added 2 new districts