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Cardiovascular > Overview of Function of CVS > Flashcards

Overview of Function of CVS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the CVS?

A

Is to supply the brain with oxygen

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2
Q

What is the role of bulk flow system?

A

02 and CO2 exchange
Carries nutrients, metabolites, hormones and heat

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3
Q

How is the CVS flexible?

A

Pump can vary output
Vessels can redirect blood
Vessels can store blood

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4
Q

What is left side of heart responsible for?

A

Systemic circulation

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5
Q

What is the right side of the heart responsible for?

A

Pulmonary circulation

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6
Q

What is the reason for blood pumping in a series?

A

Output must be equal so does not cause accumulation

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7
Q

What does the vascular beds lying in parallel mean?

A

All tissues get oxygenated blood
Allows regional redirection of blood

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8
Q

What is the only exception to vascular beds lying in a parallel?

A

Gut and liver lie in a series due to liver having a portal system

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9
Q

What organs have more oxygen consumption compare to cardiac output?

A

Heart
Skin - thermoregulation
Kidneys - filtration

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10
Q

What is the pressure difference equal to?

A

Mean arterial pressure - central venous pressure
This affects all tissues

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11
Q

What side of the heart gives mean arterial pressure?

A

Left side

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12
Q

What side of the heart gives central venous pressure?

A

Right side

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13
Q

Explain Darcy’s law

A

Flow = difference in pressure/ resistance

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14
Q

What is resistance affected by?

A

Controlled by radius to power of 4
This selectively redirects flow

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15
Q

Describe arterioles acting like taps

A

They control resistance and therefore flow to each vascular bed

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16
Q

Explain fractional distribution

A

Proportion of blood in these veins and venules compared to rest of systemic circulation

17
Q

Why are veins and venules described as capacitance vessels?

A

They have the ability to store blood

18
Q

Describe the structure and function of the aorta

A

Elastic arteries
Wide lumen - low resistance
Thick elastic wall
Damp pressure variations

19
Q

Describe structure and function of arteries

A

Muscular arteries
Wide lumen - low resistance to blood flow
Strong, thick, non-elastic wall
Low resistance conduit

20
Q

Describe the structure and function of arterioles

A

Resistance vessels
Narrow lumen
Thick contractile wall - Control resistance and flow, and allow regional redirection of blood

21
Q

Explain the structure and function of capillaries

A

Exchange vessels
Narrow lumen
Thin wall

22
Q

Explain the structure and function of blood vessels

A

Capacitance vessels
Wide lumen
Thin, distensible wall
Low resistance conduit and reservoir
Fractional distribution

23
Q

What is the function of the septum in the heart?

A

Separates left and right sides

24
Q

What is the myocardium?

A

The muscular tissue of the heart

25
Q

What are the valves of the heart?

A

Aortic, pulmonary, mitral and tricuspid valves

26
Q

Explain the papillary muscle and chordae tendinea?

A

Papillary muscle contracts with ventricles and maintains tension on chordae tendinea
This prevents blood from inverting

27
Q

Where are the valves loacted?

A

Aortic and pulmonary valve are at anterior of heat and have 3 flaps
Tricuspid and mitral valve are posterior of heart
Mitral has only 2 flaps

28
Q

Explain the vena cava

A

Superior and inferior vena cava bring deoxygenated blood into right atrium

29
Q

Explain function of pulmonary artery

A

Carries deoxygenated blood from right side of heart to lungs

30
Q

Explain the role of the aorta

A

Originates from left ventricle of heart
Takes oxygenated blood to tissues

31
Q

Explain the role of the pulmonary vein

A

Transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of heart

32
Q

What is the function of the pulmonary trunk?

A

Transmit deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lung
Trunk splits into left and right arteries

Cardiovascular (33 decks)

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