Overview of Cognitive Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cognitve Psychology?

A
  • information-processing approach
  • how the mind is organised to produce intelligent thought
  • how the human mind is realised in the brain
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2
Q

What is Williams Syndrome?

A
  • Difficulty processing visiospatial information
  • however, spacial navigation is not entirely impaired
  • response based navigation system is not affected
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3
Q

What knowledge did Nativism provide about cognitive psychology?

A
  • knowledge is innate
  • (Plato, Descartes, Kant)
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4
Q

What knowledge did Empiricism provide about cognitive psychology?

A

Knowledge is acquired through experience
(Aristotle, Bacon, Berkeley, Locke, Hume, Mill)

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5
Q

What is Structuralism?

A

Analysis of the human mind into primitive componential elements
○ Basic idea: the mind can be broken down into elements (such as sensation and thought) by introspection

(Wundt and Titchener)

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6
Q

What are the two problems with structuralism?

A

subjective and unreliable

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7
Q

What is Functionalism?

A

The mind is defined soley by its function - how it responds to various stimuli
- As long as the same functional role is played, it doesn’t matter what components the mind is made of
- Studied by introspection
(William James)

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8
Q

What is the main weakness of Functionalism?

A

little or no empirical support

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9
Q

What is Behaviourialism?

A

Only the (directly) observable should be studied
- strictly about stimulus-response relations
- rigorous experimental approach
- Experimental methods

(Watson, Skinner)

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10
Q

What occurred during the Cognitive revolution? (During WWII)

A
  • Human performance research - revealed shortcomings of behaviouralism (not useful for solving practical issues)
  • Development in other scientific fields: information theory, linguistics, computer science
  • Provided psychologists with tools and models for analysis of intelligent behaviour
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11
Q

What is the Information-Processing approach?

A

Cognitive psychology = re-defining psychology as the science of human information processing
Input –> Mind (Process) –> Output

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12
Q

What are the decomposing mental processes?

A
  • formulate a theoretical model of how output is made from a given input
  • measure time taken for each processing stage
  • analyse which variable affects which processing stage
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13
Q

What is a visual search?

A

A theoretical model allows you to make predictions

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