Overview and Cerebral Hemispheres Flashcards
CNS
Brain
Spinal cord
PNS
12 CNs 31 pairs of spinal nerves and branches 8C 12T 1L 5S 1C
Somatic Nervous System
External environment Supplies everything other than organs within body cavities Sensory - skull, bones and joints Motor - to skeletal muscles Voluntary
ANS
Sensory - to organs
Responds to motor - cardiac, smooth muscle and glands
Internal environment
Involuntary
Derivates of Telencephalon
And associations
Cerebral hemisphere inc. corpus striatum
Associated with lat ventricle
Derivates of Diencephalon
And associations
Thalamus and hypothalamus and epithalamus
Ass. with 3rd ventricle
Derivates of Mesencephalon
And associations
Midbrain
Ass. with aqueduct penetrating midbrain
Derivates of Metencephalon
And associations
Pons and cerebellum
Ass. with upper portion of 4th ventricle
Derivates of Myelencephalon
And associations
Medulla oblongata
Ass. with lower portion of 4th ventricle
List grey matter structures
Thalamus
Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Internal capsule
What is the main white matter fibre tract between the spinal cord and cerebral hemispheres called?
Internal capsule
Which fissure runs down the middle of the brain in a coronal view
Longitudinal fissure
What is the interthalamic adhesion
2 thalmi touch each other in the midline
Frontal lobe
Large lobe ant to central sulcus and sup to lat sulcus
Lobe ant to line drawn from central sulcus down corpus callosum
Parietal lobe
Post to central sulcus
Sup to lat sulcus
Ant to parieto-occipital sulcus to the preoccipital notch
Post to frontal lobe and ant to parieto-occipital sulcus
Occipital lobe
Post to al one from pariteo-occipital sulcus to preoccipital notch
Post to parieto-occipital sulcus
Temporal lobe
Inf to lateral sulcus
Post by a line from parieto-occipital sulcus and preoccipital notch
Medially from temporal pole to preoocipital notcj
Ant of calcarine sulcus
Insular lobe/insula
Usually hidden Circular suclus Short gyri Limen insulae Central sulcus of insula Long gyri
What makes up the lentiform nucleus
Putamen (sup) Globus pallidus (inf)
Arcuate fibres (association fibres)
Numerous short bundles that connect adjacent gyri
Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus (association fibres)
Ant-post
Connect frontal lobes with parts of parietal, temporal and occipital lobes
Like motorway
Cingulum (association fibres)
Longitudinal bundle near midline
Connects temporal lobe, cingulate gyrus and septal area
Corpus callosum (commisural fibres)
Largest white matter structure (250, 000, 000 axons)
Main connection between left and right hemispheres
Lateral radiates =radiations
Midline =trunk
Ant commisure (commisural fibres)
Bundles of axons post to rostrum
Additional communication between left and right temporal lobes
Internal capsule (projection fibres)
Bundle of axons
Connect cortex with brainstem and spinal cord
Connection for intermediatry structures (thalamus and cortex)
Ant limb, genu, post limb, and retrolentiform part
Corona radiata
Sup end of int capsule
Fan out to cortex
Somatic sensory neuron
Found in dorsal root ganglion
Somatic motor neuron
Found in dorsal horn of SC
Cerebellum
Coordinates movement
Thalamus
Relay station for sensory info (from periphery to cortex)
Brainstem
Cells ass. with CNs
Patient HM
Remove hippocampus bilaterally
Anterograde amnesia for long term episodic memory
Older memories were intact
