Overview Flashcards
What does impact factor means?
is a measure of the frequency with which the average article in a journal has been cited in a particular year. It is used to measure the importance or rank of a journal by calculating the times it’s articles are cited.
The calculation is based on a two-year period and involves dividing the number of times articles were cited by the number of articles that are citable.
What is H index?
The h-index is an index that attempts to measure both the scientific productivity and the apparent scientific impact/quality of a scientist. The index is based on the set of the researcher’s most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other people’s publications.
The h-index is calculated by counting the number of publications for which an author has been cited by other authors at least that same number of times. For instance, an h-index of 17 means that the scientist has published at least 17 papers that have each been cited at least 17 times.
What does fNIRS stands for?
Functional near infrared spectroskopy
What is cumulative impact?
cumulative impacts can be defined as changes to the environment caused by the combined impact of past, present and future human activities and natural processes
Is fMRI an direct or indirect way of measuring the brain?
Indirect (using oxygenation)
What does tDCS stands for?
Transcranial direct current stimulation
What are the pros and cons of EEG and MEG?
Low spatial resolution, high time resolution
What are the pros and cons of fMRI and fNIRS?
High spatial resolution, low time resolution
What are the pros and cons of PET?
High spatial resolution, low time resolution
What are some neurocognitive methods?
Galvanic skin response, facial EMG (Electromyography) and face tracking.
What are the essential criteria(s) of scientific theory?
- Falsifiable predictions (testable predictions. predictions that are resistant to falsification. Falsification - rule out)
- Supported by independent sources of evidence (facts)
- Consistent with previous findings and at least as accurate in explaining them.
- Predictive of new facts
What is Pseudoscience?
- Theories that claimed to be scientific and factual but are incompatible with scientific method.
- Often contain unfalsifiable claims (observable stuff that cannot claim to be false - untestable predictions)
- Relies on anecdotal evidence (personal events)
What is inductive reasoning? (or induction)
Reasoning from specific events (e.g. results of research) to general (theory)
What is deductive reasoning?
Reasoning from general (theory) to specific events (results of research)
What is converging operations?
The idea that our understanding of some behavioural phenomenon is increased when a series of investigations, using slightly different definitions and experimental procedures, nonetheless converge on a common conclusion.
What is the Zeigarnik effect?
Memory is better for incomplete rather than completed tasks.
What is a theory?
A set of logically consistent statements about some phenomenon that
- best summarises the existing empirical knowledge of the phenomenon
- organise this knowledge in the form of precise statements of relationships among variables.
- propose an explanation of the behaviour
- serves to predict about the behaviour
What is cognitive dissonance?
when you have 2 opposing thoughts at the same time
What is a construct?
An hypothetical factor that is not observed directly. It is usually inferred from behaviour and follow certain circumstances.
What contributes to a good theory?
How much empirical realm it can handle and good productivity (good theories advance knowledge by generating a great deal of research)
what is the difference between theories and facts?
Theories are working truths - subjected to revision based on new data(never to be absolutely true) but reflecting the current most reasonable understanding of the phenomenon.
Facts are the results of research outcomes that add inductive support for theories or fail to support theories.
Theories serves to explain facts but never becomes facts.
