Overview: 1626-29 pretext Flashcards
What was Charles belief on religious policy?
Because he was the Supreme Governor of England it gave him the right to appoint bishops and determine doctrine:
Choosing to favor Armenians and not Calvinism (which promoted the Divine Right)
What was Charles opinion on Finance?
Believed he was entitled to what Kings had previously been granted: Tonnage and Poundage
Believed he had the right to raise money without parliamentary consent if he deemed it necessary
Regarding these matters due to his stubborn personality he viewed it as non-negotiable.
What was Charles views on foreign policy?
Charles believed it was his royal prerogative to determine foreign policy without parliamentary influence.
Other areas:
Believed he should have the say as to who was his ministers - insulted via the attempted impeachment of Buckingham
Lacked communication skills: drew on small circle of advisors
Believed he could imprison people without trial - did this to Dudley Digges and Sir John Elliot for their attack on Buckingham
Was very quick to dissolve Parliament - made no attempt to work with parliament and find a solution.
Appeared to many that Charles wanted to rule as an absolute Monarch.
Charles Deceitful nature:
Charles proved to be deceitful on several occasions: which hardened parliament’s attitudes towards him
- Attorney General altering legal records following Five Knights Case so that he had the general right to imprison without trial.
- Agreeing to the Petition of the Right but not initially approving it in a legally binding manner.
What were Parliament’s views on religion?
- Church should not be episcopal - governed by bishops and archbishops
- King not able to appoint Church officials.
- King should not be able to determine doctrine.
How did Parliament act more radically?
Tonnage and Poundage: By granting it for only one year they went against custom and tradition
Expecting grievances to be addressed by Charles in return for finance: This was nothing new yet they were imposing on areas Charles viewed to be his Royal Prerogative such as foreign policy and religion.
Parliament used impeachment as a means of bringing the King’s ministers for account - a practice that died out in the Middle Ages.
And of course, the Protestation of 1629 which showed how far they were willing to go to have their voices heard.
How did Charles view on imprisonment and Parliament’s view differ?
Parliament believed in the freedom of speech and freedom of arrest.
However, Charles believed this could be done so without trial and solely based on a manner of treason.
What Arminian writer had issues with all three parliaments?
Richard Montagu - specifically regarding his book Appello Caesarem
How did Charles respond to Parliament’s discontent regarding Richard Montagu?
1625: When he was arrested Charles was furious and made his displeasure known - making him a Royal Chaplain as a gesture of defiance.
1626: Second Parliament ordered that the Appello Caesarem be burned - Charles issued a proclamation ordering them to drop the issue.
1628: Third parliament renewed investigation into Montagu.
Who was Roger Maynwaring?
Made Royal Chaplain in 1626: preached in favor of royal prerogative implying the King had the right to collect taxes without parliamentary consent such as the Forced Loan of 1626
What were the tensions between parliament and Charles regarding Roger Maynwaring in 1628?
Commons impeached Maynwarning, imprisoned, fined and suspended from preaching and bared from office - Charles interned and pardoned Maynwaring with additional living costs.
Charles reissued Elizabeth I’s Thirty Nine Articles in 1628 - How was this altered to appear more Arminian and anti-Puritan.
Puritans began to interpret them in a more Calvinist manner - this forced the reintroduction of The Declaration which expressively banned any reinterpretation of the Articles beyond the absolute literal.
How did the failure of the Madrid Escapade change Charles’s attempt to foreign policy post 1625?
The sense of humiliation under the hands of Spanish made Charles more determined to help Frederick regain the Palatinate
