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Chem 1127 > Overall Chem Final Knowledge :) (you got this!!!!) > Flashcards

Overall Chem Final Knowledge :) (you got this!!!!) Flashcards

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1
Q

kilo is 10 to the ____

A

3

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2
Q

deci is 10 to the ___

A

-1

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3
Q

centi is 10 to the ___

A

-2

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4
Q

milli is 10 to the ___

A

-3

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5
Q

micro is 10 to the ___

A

-6

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6
Q

nano is 10 to the ____

A

-9

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7
Q

The charge of an atom is..

A

protons - charge

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8
Q

What is a weak acid in water?

A

HF

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9
Q

Which has more oxygen nitric acid or nitrous acid?

A

nitric acid (HNO3)

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10
Q

What equation would you use to find the average mass of an element?

A

atomic mass= (fraction of 1st isotope x mass of isotope) + (fraction of 2nd isotope x mass of isotope)

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11
Q

How do you find the empirical formula?

A

find the number of moles for every compound, divide the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles, use those numbers to find ratio

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12
Q

How do you find the limiting reactant?

A

write balanced equation, find stoichiometric ratio of reactants (the moles), compare the stoichiometry to what you have

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13
Q

How do you calculate percent yield?

A

experimental/theoretical x 100

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14
Q

What is the dilution equation?

A

M1V1= M2V2
M= concentration
V= volume

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15
Q

An acid ____ H+

A

gives

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16
Q

A base ___ H+

A

takes (with OH-)

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17
Q

One weak base to look out for…

A

NH3

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18
Q

Oxidized ____ electrons; Reduced_____ electrons

A

loses, gains

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19
Q

How do you balance oxygen in a redox reaction?

A

add H2O

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20
Q

What does R equal in PV=nRT

A

0.0821 L atm/mol K

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21
Q

What is STP?

A

1 atm; 273 K; 22.4 L

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22
Q

For final and initial state problems, what equation do you use?

A

P1V1/nT1 = P2V2/nT2

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23
Q

What equation would you use to solve for the density of a gas?

A

d= (P x MM) / (R x T)

24
Q

What is the equation when gas is collected over water?

A

Ptot = PH2O + Pgas

25
Q

Partial pressure and mole fraction equation

A

Pa/ Ptot = na/ ntot

26
Q

mole fraction equation

A

Xa = na/ntot
(the # of moles A divide by the total # of moles of gas in mixture)

27
Q

Dalton’s Law + Mole Fraction equation

A

Pa= Xa x Ptot
(partial pressure of gas A= the mole fraction x total pressure)

28
Q

Effusion of gasses equation (Graham’s law)

A

rate of effusion B/ rate of effusion A = (MMa/MMb)^1/2
(rate of effusion B divide by rate of effusion A equals the square of the MM of a divide by the MM of b)

29
Q

coffee-cup calorimetry equation

A

-qrxn= mH2O x 4.18 J/gC x ΔT

30
Q

equation to solve for heat

A

q= mcΔT

31
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

has negative q; heat flows FROM system INTO the surroundings (system is hot)

32
Q

Endothermic

A

has positive q; heat INTO the system FROM the surroundings (system is cold)

33
Q

If the problem says energy/heat evolved then ΔH is…

A

negative

34
Q

Enthalpy equation

A

ΔH= H Products - H Reactants

35
Q

Enthalpy of formation calculation

A

ΔH= sum of products - sum of reactants

36
Q

wavelength frequency equation

A

λv=c
c=2.998 x 10^8 m/s

37
Q

the wavelength has to be in what units?

A

meters

38
Q

the frequency has to be in what units?

A

s^-1

39
Q

how to calculate the energy of a photon

A

E= hv = hc/λ
h= 6.626 x 10^-34

40
Q

how do you calculate energy release?

A

ΔE= 2.18 x10^-18 (1/n^2 - 1/n^2)
(the first n= lowest; second= highest)

41
Q

How do you find the wavelength using mass and velocity?

A

λ= h/ (mass) (velocity)
h= 6.626 x 10^-34

42
Q

in reference to quantum numbers, n refers to

A

principal quantum number

43
Q

The quantum sublevel number, l, equals…

A

n-1

44
Q

formal charge equation

A

formal charge= VE - unshared electrons- 1/2 bonding

45
Q

paramagnetic

A

unpaired e-

46
Q

diamagnetic

A

paired e-

47
Q

bond enthalpy equation

A

ΔH= sum of bonds broken - sum of bonds formed

48
Q

What equation do you use to calculate the energy change of a system when given thermal energy and work done?

A

E= q + w
q= thermal energy
w= work

49
Q

How does MM affect speed of molecules?

A

Higher MM, Lower speed

50
Q

What is the relationship between frequency and energy?

A

Higher frequency, Higher energy

51
Q

Is energy difference higher or lower with lower n values?

A

higher

52
Q

Boiling point depends on…

A

intermolecular forces

53
Q

______ has the highest boiling point; ______ has the lowest

A

ionic, disperson (london)

54
Q

Hydrogen bonds happen on…

A

F,O,N

55
Q

Lattice energy

A

the amount of energy required to completely separate a mole of solid into its gaseous ions

56
Q

N likes to have how many bonds and lone pairs

A

3 bonds and 1 lone pair

57
Q

O likes to have how many bonds and lone pairs

A

2 bonds and 2 lone pairs

Chem 1127 (7 decks)

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