Ovarian Tumours

Question 1

Is the OCP protective for or a risk factor of ovarian cancer?

Answer 1

Protective

Question 2

Is nulliparity/low parity protective for or a risk factor of ovarian cancer?

Answer 2

A risk factor

Question 3

What is a stage IA ovarian tumour?

Answer 3

Cancer in one ovary

Question 4

What is a stage IB ovarian tumour?

Answer 4

Cancer in both ovaries

Question 5

What is a stage IC ovarian tumour?

Answer 5

Cancer involving ovarian surface/rupture etc

Question 6

What is a stage IIA ovarian tumour?

Answer 6

Cancer involving uterus and/or fallopian tube

Question 7

What is a stage IIB ovarian tumour?

Answer 7

Cancer involving bowel or bladder

Question 8

What is a stage III ovarian tumour?

Answer 8

Cancer spread beyond the pelvis within the abdomen

Question 9

What is a stage IV ovarian tumour?

Answer 9

Cancer spread to other organs eg liver, lungs etc

Question 10

Bilateral ovarian tumours are most likely to be caused by what?

Answer 10

Mets

Question 11

Ovarian tumours are likely to be fixed on examination. True or false?

Answer 11

False - they are likely to be mobile

Question 12

What is the most important cancer marker in ovarian cancer?

Answer 12

CA 125

Question 13

What suspicious features on uss would indicate ovarian cancer

Answer 13

• Complex mass with solid & cystic area
• Multi-loculated
• Thick septations
• Ascites
• Bilateral disease

Question 14

Which stage of ovarian tumour needs neoadjuvant chemotherapy?

Answer 14

1C-4 (IA & IB are low risk and can be treated purely surgically)

Question 15

Name a chemotherapy drug for ovarian cancer

Answer 15

Carboplatin or paclitaxel

Question 16

What hormonal therapy can be used in ovarian cancer?

Answer 16

Tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor (eg Letrozole)

Question 17

What is the most common type of ovarian tumour?

Answer 17

Surface epithelium tumours - both serous and mucinous

Question 18

Benign cystic teratoma / dermoid cyst is what type of tumour?

Answer 18

Germ cell tumour

Question 19

What are the main components usually found in a teratoma?

Answer 19

Mostly fat + teeth/hair/sebaceous material/thyroid tissue

Question 20

What does a teratoma look like on uss?

Answer 20

Cystic mass with solids floating within

Question 21

A fibroma (benign stromal tumour) looks like what type of food

Answer 21

Potato

Question 22

A patient with a benign ovarian (eg fibroma) tumour presents with ascites and breathlessness caused by pleural effusion that resolves when the tumour is removed. What syndrome did she have?

Answer 22

Meig’s syndrome