Ovarian Tumors Flashcards
What is the most common malignancy of the ovary?
Serous tumors (approx. 40% of ovarian tumors)
What kind of tumors are serous tumors?
“Cystic neoplasms”
What gene mutations exist in low-grade vs. high-grade serous tumors?
Low-grade: KRAS, BRAF, ERBB2
High-grade: TP53
Mutation in KRAS is most significant in which ovarian tumor?
Mucinous carcinoma
When do mucinous carcinomas occur most?
Middle age typically
What is the laterality of mucinous tumors of the ovary?
They are NOT BL
Which tumors have an association with pseudomyxoma peritonei?
Mucinous tumors
What histological feature distinguishes endometrioid ovarian tumors from mucinous and serous tumors?
Tubular glands that resemble the endometrium.
In what setting do endometrioid ovarian tumors occur?
What is the 5-year survival rate?
Almost always with endometriosis
75% 5-year survival rate
What signaling pathway is increased in endometrioid ovarian tumors?
PI3K/AKT pathway
low grade may have TP53 mutations
What is the laterality of endometrioid ovarian tumors? What does this suggest?
They are BL - suggests the cancer has metastasized
What age group is most likely to have benign ovarian tumors?
What age group for malignant ovarian tumors?
Young women
Older women
What 2 genes are thought to play an important role in the development of ovarian tumors?
BRCA-1, BRCA-2
Benign teratomas are AKA:
What age is most common?
What are they covered in?
How are they found?
Dermoid cysts
Young women during reproductive years
Covered in skin-like structures
Can be incidental, or sometimes as a part of a paraneoplastic syndrome
Can dermoid cysts undergo malignant transformation?
About 1% do, usually to squamous cell carcinoma
