Ovarian and Fallopian Tube Pathology Flashcards
What are the 5 pathologies affecting the fallopian tubes?
Salpingitis and PID Ectopic pregnancy Tubo-ovarian abscess Endometriosis Neoplasia
What are the 6 pathologies affecting the ovaries?
PID Endometriosis Polycystic ovarian syndrome Stromal hyperplasia Ovarian torsion Neoplasia
What is the other name for polycystic ovarian syndrome?
Stein-Leventhal syndrome
Describe the clinical features of PCOS. (4)
Anovulation
Obesity
Hirsutism
Reduced fertility
Describe the appearance of the ovaries in PCOS. (2)
Multiple cortical cysts
Stromal hyperplasia
Describe the clinical features of stromal hyperplasia. (4)
What is the main difference to PCOS?
Anovulation
Obesity
Hirsutism
Infertility
PCOS happens at any age, stromal hyperplasia after menopause
What are the clinical features of endometriosis? (4)
Dysmenorrhoea
Pelvic pain
Haemorrhage during menstruation
Blood-filled cysts after menstrual cycle
What are the complications of endometriosis? (2)
Infertility
Increased risk of malignancy
List 2 predisposing factors for ectopic pregnancy.
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Endometriosis
What are the clinical features of ectopic pregnancy? (4)
Severe abdominal pain (~6 weeks after LMP)
Fallopian tube rupture
Pelvic haemorrhage
Shock
What are the clinical features of salpingitis and PID? (4)
Pelvic pain
Adnexal tenderness
Fever
Vaginal discharge
List some common causes of PID. (3)
Give examples.
Sexually transmitted organisms, e.g.
- N. gonorrhoea
- Chlamydia
Non-sexually transmitted organisms, e.g.
-Enteric bacteria
Puerperal (i.e. postpartum) infections, e.g.
- Staphylococi
- Streptococci
- Coliforms
What are the consequences of salpingitis? (5)
List some complications of salpingitis and PID. (4)
CONSEQUENCES: Tubo-ovarian abscess Pyosalpinx Chronic salpingitis Pelvic adhesions Obstruction of fallopian tubes
COMPLICATIONS: Acute peritonitis Bowel adhesions Bowel obstruction Infertility
