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Auditory Anatomy and Physiology > Outer Ear > Flashcards

Outer Ear Flashcards

1
Q

Name four parts of the temporal bone

A

Squamous
Petrous
Mastoid
Tympanic

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2
Q

Name the parts of the outer ear

A

Pinna
External Auditory Canal
Tympanic Membrane

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3
Q

The resonance of the pinna is ____ Hz

A

5000

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4
Q

What two interaural mechanisms are used for sound localization

A

Interaural time delays
Interaural intensity differences

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5
Q

Length of the adult ear canal

A

2.5 to 3 cm length
.75 cm diameter

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6
Q

The auricle lies at what angle?

A

15 to 30 degrees

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7
Q

The outer ear functions as a ____, ____, and a ____.

A

Protector
Collector
Locator

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8
Q

Name two differences between the pediatric and adult external auditory canals

A

Length - the adult canal is longer
Shape - the adult canal is more s-shaped while the pediatric canal is more flat

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9
Q

The _____ portion of the external auditory canal sits laterally and makes up ___/3 of the EAC.

A

Cartilaginous
1

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10
Q

The _____ portion of the external auditory canal sits medially and makes up ___/3 of the EAC.

A

Bony
2

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11
Q

The external auditory canal is covered by epidermal lining.

A

True

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12
Q

The cartilaginous component of the external auditory canal is medial to the bony portion.

A

False

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13
Q

The primary function of the external auditory canal is to act as a(n) ____.

A

Acoustic resonator

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14
Q

The external auditory canal is a quarter wave resonator.

A

True

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15
Q

The external auditory canal provides ____ to ____ dB of gain at _____ to _____ Hz

A

10 to 15
3000 to 4000

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16
Q

Interaural ______ affect higher frequencies at or above _____

A

Intensity differences
1500

17
Q

Interaural ______ affect lower frequencies at or below _____ Hz

A

Time differences/delays
800

18
Q

The head shadow effect is…

A

The effect of head diameter on the transmission of sound

19
Q

What is the purpose of cerumen?

A

Protection against infection and foreign bodies

20
Q

The lateral layer of the tympanic membrane is composed of the…

A

Epidermal lining of the ear canal

21
Q

The medial layer of the tympanic membrane is composed of the…

A

Mucosal membrane of the middle ear

22
Q

The tympanic membrane lies at what angle?

A

55 degrees

23
Q

The most concave place of the tympanic membrane is the…

A

Umbo

24
Q

The outer ear best amplifies frequencies ranging from _____ to ____ Hz, which are important for ________.

A

2000, 5000
understanding speech

25
Q

Collapsed ear canals occur when the ______ and is most prevalent amongst _____ and _____.

A

Cartilaginous portion of the EAC weakens and breaks down over time, becoming less effective at upholding the structure
Geriatric populations
Pediatric populations

26
Q

Microtia is….

A

A pathology where the auricle is underdeveloped/partially missing

27
Q

Aural Atresia is….

A

The absence of a patent ear canal, which may be either acquired or congenital

28
Q

Anotia is….

A

A pathology where the auricle is undeveloped/completely missing

29
Q

A disorder of the outer ear, if it were to cause a hearing loss, would cause a _____ hearing loss.

A

Conductive

30
Q

Label the auricle

A
31
Q

Label the hearing system

A

Auditory Anatomy and Physiology (5 decks)

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