Outcome Measures

Question 1

Why Use?

Answer 1

Capture function at disability level as opposed to the impairment level
Quantify measure of pt. ability and progress
Provide predictive validity
Common language
Support evidence based practice

Question 2

Gait Speed

Answer 2

1.3 m/s - average walking speed
Capture middle distance (6m x 3s)
CGS - .6-1.45
FGS - .84-2.1
.56 speed is suggestive of falls
1.0 m/s required to safely cross street
Walking speed is "6th" vital sign

Question 3

6 minute walk test

Answer 3

Assuming elderly population or cardiovascular/metabolic disease
Measure of endurance

Question 4

6 minute walk test Design

Answer 4

Walk as far in 6 minutes
Measure total distance
IF SOB, chest/leg pain, have them stop but keep clock running

Question 5

6 minute walk test PT Tips

Answer 5

Walk behind
Take radial pulse each lap
Keep talking at minimum
Inform pt of new minute

Question 6

6 minute walk test Completion

Answer 6

Take vitals
Rate perceive exertion
Rate dyspnea via Borg scale

Question 7

6 minute walk test Contraindications

Answer 7

Resting SBP: 180+
DBP: 100+
HR: greater than 130, less than 40
RR: 35+/min (too breathless to converse)

Question 8

6 minute walk test Modifications if

Answer 8

SBP drops 10-20 below baseline
SBP: 220+
DBP: 110+
HR drops 10 bpm below baseline
Resp: 40 breaths/min
Dyspnea: 3/10 (moderate) (Borg Scale)
Angina, light headed, pallor, nausea, etc

Question 9

Average Walking Distance for 6 min walk test

Answer 9

Age 60-69: 498- 405m
Age 70-79: 475-406m
Age 80-89: 320-197m
Age 90-101: 296-224m
Less than 300m = poor ST/LT survival rates

Question 10

Dynamic Gait Index

Answer 10

Developed to assess likelihood of falling in older adults
Scored on 0-3 scale
22 - safe ambulation

Question 11

Dynamic Gait Index Characteristics

Answer 11

Includes dynamic component and stair climbing
Cutoff score: 19 indicates balance/gait impairment/fall risk
Assistive device: drops score to maximum of 19: limits use

Question 12

Dynamic Gait Index Facets (8)

Answer 12

Gait level surface
Change in gait speed
Gait with horizontal head turns
Gait with vertical head turns
Gait and pivot turn
Step over obstacle
Step around obstacle
Steps

Question 13

Berg Balance

Answer 13

Measure balance among older people with impairment in balance function by assessing the performance of functional tasks
14 item scale

Question 14

Berg Balance Scoring

Question 15

Berg Balance Tests

Answer 15

Sit to stand
Standing unsupported
Sitting unsupported
Standing to sitting
Transfers
Standing with eyes closed
Standing with feet together
Reaching forward with outstretched arm
Retrieving object from floor
Turning to look behind
Turning 360
Placing alternative foot on stool
Standing with one foot in front
Standing on one foot

Question 16

Mini-Mental State Exam

Answer 16

Screening tool for cognitive impairment
6-10 min to administer
Max score - 30
Abnormal -

Question 17

MMSE Areas

Answer 17

Orientation: 10 points
Registration: 3 points
Attention and Calculation: 5 points
Recall: 3 points
Language and praxis: 9 points

Question 18

MMSE Range Scoring

Answer 18

25 - dec odds of dementia

Question 19

MMSE Education Scoring

Answer 19

21 - abnormal for 8th grade education

Question 20

MMSE Severity Scoring

Answer 20

24-30 - no cognitive impairment
18-23 -mild cognitive impairment
0-17 - severe cognitive impairment