Outcome measures

Question 1

What are patient reported outcome measures (PROM)?

Answer 1

without any interpretation of the pts response by a clinician or anyone else

Question 2

What are outcome measures

Answer 2

tools to measure the result of interventions over time

Question 3

Function sof PROM

Answer 3

• Assess if treatment plan is working
• Support clinical decision making
• Research and evidence-based practice
• Drive quality improvement
• Empower the patient
• Policy making,
• Multidimensional -physical, mental, and social factors known as Health-related Quality of life tools (HRQL)

Question 4

How are appropriate outcome measures selected?

Answer 4

• Consider the condition that you are treating.
• Valid- The outcome measure is testing what it says it is testing.
• Reliable- the results are reproducible.
• Responsive -Sensitive to change over time.
• Need to consider the outcome that is been measured – activities of daily living, HRQL.
• Consider what may be a barrier to completing the outcome measure, cognitive, psychological, socioeconomic status.

Question 5

What doe outcome measures allow us to do?

Answer 5

Quantify a patient’s ability.
- Monitor treatment progress.
- Facilitate clinical decision-making (timing of treatment progression & return to work / sport).
- Acquire baseline data.
- Determine clinical efficacy & cost-effectiveness of treatments

Question 6

What is appropriateness of outcome measures?

Answer 6

Selecting whether the measure is appropriate for its intended use. Depends on who and what is being measured.

Question 7

What must be considered to choose appropriate outcome measures?

Answer 7

• Body structure impairments (the injury itself).
• Body function impairments (signs & symptoms of injury).
• Activity limitations (inability to perform specific functional activities).
• Participation restrictions (inability to participate in life situations).

Question 8

What is reliability of outcome measures?

Answer 8

A measure should provide similar values on repeated administrations on unchanged pts.

Question 9

What is inter-rater reliability?

Answer 9

the extent to which the measurements taken by different people are similar

Question 10

What is test-retest reliability?

Answer 10

the extent to which pts completing a measure without a rater provide consistent results

Question 11

What is the reliability coefficient?

Answer 11

a continuous scale where 0= no reliability and 1=perfect reliability

Question 12

What is validity?

Answer 12

Does it assess what it is supposed to assess?

Question 13

Types of validity

Answer 13

• face validity
• content validity
• criterion validity
• contract validity

Question 14

What is face validity?

Answer 14

does the measure appear to be valid?

Question 15

what is content validity?

Answer 15

does the measure cover all important aspects of what is being measured? (only applicable to measures made up of more than one component)

Question 16

What is criterion validity?

Answer 16

does the measure correlate highly with other measures that assess the same construct and are already known to have high validity? Correlation of above 0.7 is acceptable.

Question 17

What is construct validity?

Answer 17

does the measure relate to other measures and variables as expected?

Question 18

What are the types of construct validity?

Answer 18

• convergent validity
• divergent validity
• known group validity

Question 19

What is convergent validity?

Answer 19

A measure should show correlation with other valid measures to which it is related

Question 20

What is divergent validity?

Answer 20

A measure should not correlate too strongly with unrelated measures

Question 21

What is known group validity?

Answer 21

A measure should be able to discriminate between sub-groups of patients who differ in some respect, – e.g. injury severity, or disability level.