Our Earth and Moon

Question 1

Age of Earth

Answer 1

4.546 BY

Question 2

What is the shape of Earth?

Answer 2

Oblate Spheroid

Question 3

Equatorial Diameter of Earth

Answer 3

12,756 km

Question 4

Polar Diameter of Earth

Answer 4

12,714 km

Question 5

Mass of Earth

Answer 5

5.97 x 10^24 kg

Question 6

Density of Earth

Answer 6

5.51 g/cm^3

Question 7

What is the tallest mountain in Earth from base to peak?

Answer 7

Mauna Kea, Hawaii

Question 8

What is the lowest point on land?

Answer 8

Dead Sea Shore

Question 9

What is the deepest point in the Sea?

Answer 9

Challenger Deep, Pacific

Question 10

What is the zone defined as the right location at the right time with the right planet (Earth)?

Answer 10

Goldilocks Zone/Scenario

Question 11

What would happen to Earth if it was larger (more massive)?

Answer 11

(1) Force of Gravity would be proportionately greater, and
(2) Retained a thick, hostile atmosphere

Question 12

What would happen if Earth was much smaller?

Answer 12

Oxygen, water vapor, and other volatiles would escape into the space.

Question 13

Plate tectonics would not operate if Earth did not have a ___________ overlaying a __________.

Answer 13

RIGID LITHOSPHERE overlaying a WEAK ASTENOSPHERE

Question 14

Earth could not support a magnetic field if it does not have a _________________.

Answer 14

Molten Metallic Core

Question 15

What would Earth’s atmosphere consist of if we were 10% closer to the Sun?

Answer 15

Greenhouse Gas Carbon Dioxide

Question 16

What would happen if Earth was 10% farther from the Sun?

Answer 16

It would be too cold–
(1) freezing oceans
(2) the water cycle would not exist.

Question 17

What is the estimated life span of the Sun?

Answer 17

10 Billion Years

Question 18

Two Earth-altering events

Answer 18

(1) The development of our modern atmosphere
(2) Mass extinction of the Dinosaurs

Question 19

The mass extinction of dinosaurs allowed the development of __________ that occupy our modern world.

Answer 19

Large Mammals

Question 20

What is the region of the Moon’s surface that is relatively low, smooth, and dark?

Answer 20

Maria

Question 21

What is the composition of Maria?

Answer 21

Basaltic Composition

Question 22

What is the region of the Moon’s surface that is densely cratered and rugged highlands?

Answer 22

Terrae

Question 23

What is the composition of Terrae?

Answer 23

Anorthosites

Question 24

What caused the craters on the Moon?

Answer 24

Impact of Meteorites

Question 25

What do you call the vast plains of basaltic lava and other volcanic features on the Moon?

Answer 25

Lunar Basalts

Question 26

The vast plains of basaltic lava in Lunar Maria extruded about how many years ago?

Answer 26

4.0 to 2.5 billion years ago

Question 27

What are the major tectonic features on the Moon that were products of minor vertical movements?

Answer 27

(1) Mare ridges and (2) Linear Rilles

Question 28

What are the major types of Lunar Rocks that were igneous and impact origin?

Answer 28

(1) Anorthosite (2) Basalt (3) Breccia (4) Glass

Question 29

How thick is the Moon's crust?

Answer 29

70km

Question 30

How thick is the Moon's Lithosphere?

Answer 30

1000km

Question 31

This theory proposes that the Moon was once part of the Earth then somehow separated.

Answer 31

The Fission Theory

Question 32

This theory proposes that the Moon was formed somewhere else in the solar system and was later captured by Earth's gravitational field.

Answer 32

The Capture Theory

Question 33

This theory proposes that the Moon and the Earth condensed individually from the Nebula, with the Moon forming in Earth's orbit.

Answer 33

The Condensation Theory

Question 34

The widely accepted theory on the formation of the Moon, wherein another planetary body with a mass of Mars collided with the young planet Earth.

Answer 34

The Theia Hypothesis

Question 35

What is the name of the planetary body that collided with the young planet earth and eventually became the moon?

Answer 35

Theia

Question 36

What was the name of the young planet Earth?

Answer 36

Geia

Question 37

What is the moon's orbit around the Earth?

Answer 37

Elliptical

Question 38

The point of the moon's orbit CLOSEST to Earth is called _________

Answer 38

Perigee

Question 39

The point of the moon's orbit FARTHEST from Earth is called _________

Answer 39

Apogee

Question 40

What are the two factors that were significant to the formation of the Earth's core?

Answer 40

(1) High-velocity impact of Nebular debris (2) Decay of Radioactive elements

Question 41

The crust formed from the buoyant masses of ____________ that rose toward the surface and solidified.

Answer 41

Molten Rock

Question 42

The primitive crust was enriched in ________ and _________

Answer 42

(1) Oxygen (2) "Oxygen-seeking" elements