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Geography > Our Atmosphere > Flashcards

Our Atmosphere Flashcards

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1
Q

What does temperature mean

A

Exactly how hot or cold it is

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2
Q

What is temperature usually given in

A

Degrees centigrade (‘C)

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3
Q

What is temperature measured with

A

Thermometer

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4
Q

What equipment is needed to measure the temperature

A

Thermometer

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5
Q

What does air pressure mean

A

How ‘heavy’ the air is

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6
Q

What is air pressure usually given in

A

Millibars (mb)

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7
Q

What is air pressure measured using

A

Barometer

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8
Q

What equipment is needed to measure air pressure

A

Barometer

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9
Q

What does visibility mean

A

How much of the sky is hidden by clouds

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10
Q

What is visibility usually given in

A

Oktas

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11
Q

What is visibility measured using

A

Your eyes; satellite image

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12
Q

What equipment is needed to measure visibility

A

A beam of light is sent out and a sensor measures how much arrives

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13
Q

What does wind speed mean

A

How fast the wind is blowing

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14
Q

What is wind speed usually given in

A

Kilometres (MPH)

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15
Q

What is wind speed measured using

A

Anemometer

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16
Q

What equipment is needed to measure wind speed

A

Anemometer, the wind turns the cups which turn a counter

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17
Q

What is weather direction

A

Where the wind is blowing from

18
Q

What is weather direction usually given in

A

North
South
East
West

19
Q

What is weather direction measured using

A

Wind vane

20
Q

What equipment is needed to measure weather direction

A

Wind vane

21
Q

What does precipitation mean

A

Water falling from the sky in any form

22
Q

What is precipitation usually given in

A

Millilitres

23
Q

What is precipitation measured using

A

Rain gauge

24
Q

What equipment is precipitation measured using

A

Rain gauge

25
Q

What is weather

A

Weather is the state of the atmosphere over a short period of time

26
Q

Give a cloud type (1)

A

Cumulus - these are puffy clouds that sometimes look like pieces of floating cotton. The base of each cloud is often flat and may only be 1000m (3300ft) above the ground

27
Q

Give a cloud type (2)

A

Stratus - are uniform clouds (greyish) that often cover the entire sky. They resemble fog that does not reach the ground. Usually no prescription falls from stratus clouds, but sometimes they drizzle

28
Q

Give a cloud type (3)

A

Cirrus - the most common form of high level clouds are thin, often wispy cirrus clouds. Typically found at heights greater than 20,000 feet (6,000 metres), cirrus clouds are composed of ice crystals that originate from the freezing of super cooled water droplets

29
Q

Give 1 word describing cumulus

A

Fluffy

30
Q

Give 1 word describing cirrus clouds

A

Icy

31
Q

Give 1 word describing nimbo clouds

A

Rainy

32
Q

Give 1 word describing stratus clouds

A

Layered

33
Q

Give 1 word describing alto clouds

A

Middle

34
Q

Describe Convectional Rainfall

A

Here the air rises because the ground heats it. It rises n warm currents. We call these convection currents. So we call the rain Convectional rainfall. In the UK we get Convectional rainfall island in summer, where the ground gets hottest far from the cooling effects of the sea

35
Q

Describe Relief Rainfall

A

Wind is moving air. When the wind meets a line of high hills or mountains there’s only 1 way to go, up. So the air rises and cools, and we call this Relief rainfall. In the UK the prevailing wind is from the South West. So we get Relief rainfall on the high land along the West Coast

36
Q

Describe Frontal Rainfall

A

Huge blocks of air called air mases move around the earth. When a warm air mass meets a cold one the warm is forced to rise. So we get rain. This is called Frontal rainfall. Frontal rain can fall anywhere, since masses can travel in anywhere. But in the UK, they often arrive in the Atlantic Ocean. So the west of the UK gets a lot of Frontal rain.

37
Q

What is air pressure

A

Although we can’t feel it, all the air above us is pressing down on us, giving sir pressure. If air pressure is low, it means air is rising. If it is high, it means air is sinking. If it is low, it means air is rising. Each brings different weather.

38
Q

A fall in air pressure is a sign of what weather

A

Rain and wind

39
Q

If the air pressure is low what will the weather be

A

Bad

40
Q

High air pressure means no clouds. Which means what about weather in winter and in summer

A

It gives us our hottest summer and coldest winter weather

41
Q

What is a depression

A

Depressions are low systems which developed when warm or cold air masses meet. They are the most common weather system affecting the British Isles bringing rain, cloud and increased wind speeds.

Geography (2 decks)

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