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ENT > Otitis media > Flashcards

Otitis media Flashcards

1
Q

where is the infection based in otitis media

A

middle ear

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2
Q

what is the most common cause of otitis media

A

viral upper respiratory tract infection

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3
Q

list 1 bacterial cause of otitis media

A

streptococcus pneumonia

haem influenza
staph aureus

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4
Q

list 3 symptoms present in otitis media

A

otalgia

difficulty hearing

general upper airway symptoms: fever, cough, sore throat

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5
Q

what is otalgia

A

ear pain

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6
Q

what symptoms can be present when otitis media affects the vestibular system

A

balance problems

vertigo

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7
Q

what sign might be indicative of a perforated ear drum

A

discharge from the ear

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8
Q

what device is used when examining the ear

A

otoscope

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9
Q

what is the colour of a healthy normal looking tympanic membrane

A

grey

translucent

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10
Q

how will the tympanic membrane present in otitis media

A

bulging

red

inflamed

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11
Q

how might a perforated tympanic membrane present

A

hole in the tympanic membrane

discharge in the ear canal

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12
Q

how would you manage a child <3m with otitis media + temp of 38C

and why

A

immediate admission

suspect sepsis

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13
Q

true/false

most cases of otitis media will resolve without abx

A

true

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14
Q

what does NICE recommend in the management of otitis media

A

abx are not needed

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15
Q

how long does it take for most cases of otitis media to resolve

A

3-4 days

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16
Q

list one complication of otitis media

A 
mastoiditis 
abscess 
otitis media with effusion 
perforated ear drum 
recurrent infection
17
Q

list 3 reasons for prescribing abx in patients with otitis media

A

immunocompromised

significant cormorbidities

systemically unwell

18
Q

in what 2 signs of a child with otitis media might you prescribe abx

A

<2yrs with bilateral otitis media

otorrhoea (dischage)

19
Q

what is the 1st line abx prescribed for otitis media

A

amoxicillin

20
Q

list 1 alternative to amoxicillin that can be prescribed to with otitis media

A

clarythromycin

erythromycin

21
Q

what is otitis media also known as

A

glue ear

22
Q

what occurs in glue ear

A

middle ear becomes full of fluid = hearing loss

23
Q

what causes glue ear

A

blockage of the eustachian tube = fluid build up

24
Q

what is the main symptoms of glue ear

A

loss/reduction of hearing in the affected ear

25
Q

what is the main complication of glue ear

A

otitis media

26
Q

what will you see when examining the ear with an otoscope in glue ear

A

dull tympanic membrane

air bubbles

visible fluid levels

27
Q

what would you refer a patient for if you suspect has hearing loss

A

audiometry

28
Q

how long does might glue ear take to self resolve

A

up to 3 months

29
Q

what might a ENT surgeon insert into the tympanic membrane for the treatment of glue ear in a complicated patients

A

grommet

ENT (7 decks)

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