Otitis media

Question 1

where is the infection based in otitis media

Answer 1

middle ear

Question 2

what is the most common cause of otitis media

Answer 2

viral upper respiratory tract infection

Question 3

list 1 bacterial cause of otitis media

Answer 3

streptococcus pneumonia

haem influenza
staph aureus

Question 4

list 3 symptoms present in otitis media

Answer 4

otalgia

difficulty hearing

general upper airway symptoms: fever, cough, sore throat

Question 5

what is otalgia

Answer 5

ear pain

Question 6

what symptoms can be present when otitis media affects the vestibular system

Answer 6

balance problems

vertigo

Question 7

what sign might be indicative of a perforated ear drum

Answer 7

discharge from the ear

Question 8

what device is used when examining the ear

Answer 8

otoscope

Question 9

what is the colour of a healthy normal looking tympanic membrane

Answer 9

grey

translucent

Question 10

how will the tympanic membrane present in otitis media

Answer 10

bulging

red

inflamed

Question 11

how might a perforated tympanic membrane present

Answer 11

hole in the tympanic membrane

discharge in the ear canal

Question 12

how would you manage a child <3m with otitis media + temp of 38C

and why

Answer 12

immediate admission

suspect sepsis

Question 13

true/false

most cases of otitis media will resolve without abx

Answer 13

true

Question 14

what does NICE recommend in the management of otitis media

Answer 14

abx are not needed

Question 15

how long does it take for most cases of otitis media to resolve

Answer 15

3-4 days

Question 16

list one complication of otitis media

Answer 16

mastoiditis 
abscess 
otitis media with effusion 
perforated ear drum 
recurrent infection

Question 17

list 3 reasons for prescribing abx in patients with otitis media

Answer 17

immunocompromised

significant cormorbidities

systemically unwell

Question 18

in what 2 signs of a child with otitis media might you prescribe abx

Answer 18

<2yrs with bilateral otitis media

otorrhoea (dischage)

Question 19

what is the 1st line abx prescribed for otitis media

Answer 19

amoxicillin

Question 20

list 1 alternative to amoxicillin that can be prescribed to with otitis media

Answer 20

clarythromycin

erythromycin

Question 21

what is otitis media also known as

Answer 21

glue ear

Question 22

what occurs in glue ear

Answer 22

middle ear becomes full of fluid = hearing loss

Question 23

what causes glue ear

Answer 23

blockage of the eustachian tube = fluid build up

Question 24

what is the main symptoms of glue ear

Answer 24

loss/reduction of hearing in the affected ear

Question 25

what is the main complication of glue ear

Answer 25

otitis media

Question 26

what will you see when examining the ear with an otoscope in glue ear

Answer 26

dull tympanic membrane air bubbles visible fluid levels

Question 27

what would you refer a patient for if you suspect has hearing loss

Answer 27

audiometry

Question 28

how long does might glue ear take to self resolve

Answer 28

up to 3 months

Question 29

what might a ENT surgeon insert into the tympanic membrane for the treatment of glue ear in a complicated patients

Answer 29

grommet