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Phil > Other way > Flashcards

Other way Flashcards

1
Q
  • Legal Paternalism
  • Gov regulations make things more expensive and make people not have a choice in using a less expensive product that is riskier
    Ex: am a lumber jack so I know how to use a chainsaw and do not need all the extra safety features that make it more expensive
A

Huber

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2
Q

we fail to acknowledge the risk in our lives

Risk aversion in our lives

With more regulation we become more risk adverse (not good)

Less risk adverse in the 80

Main example is Nasa and Apollo Challenger

A

Fairlie

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3
Q

Cost benefit anaylsis

A

Dowie

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4
Q

Pecuniary Emulation and Conspicuous Consumption

Pecuniary emulaiton= Wealth conveys honour

  • want to show off to people which influences our consumption
A

Veblen

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5
Q

The Dependence Effect

Advertising creates consumer demands rather then just serving consumer needs

the same process that produces products also produces demand for those products

A

Galbraith

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6
Q

Counterargument to Galbraith

A

Hayek

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7
Q

If corporations can make national and moral decision then they can be held morally blameworthy or praise worthy for their actions
Issue is assigning moral responsibility to individuals inside the corporations
Ex: Volkswagen blamed a person for the emission scandal (scape goat)

A

French

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8
Q

The social responsibility of business is to increase profits

For business to “do good” would interfere with the structure of the free market

Had the Narrow View: Corp responsibility covers only. Profit maximization

A

Freidman

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9
Q

Why corporations should not be socially responsible

Promissory argument
- Managers seek what owners what Seek profit maximization

Agency argument
- executives act as agents of the shareholders and are responsible for fulfilling their wishes

The Role argument
- People have obligations based on thier roles
- Ex: Dr and confidentiality

The polestar argument
- Stone thinks makes the most sense
- can understand management is pursuing profits as based not the environment they are operating in

A

Stone

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10
Q

social responsibility and economic responsibility

  • business can increase efficiency from a moral code like Dr or lawyer
  • need some regulations for free market to operate
A

Arrow

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11
Q
  • everyone should get what they deserve based on their place in society
A

Plato

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12
Q

Justice requires a principle of equity

not everyone should get the same

A

Aristotle

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13
Q
  • highest good for all is when each individual member of society is allowed to pursue their idea of good
A

Smith

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14
Q

entitlement theory

  • Distribution of goods, money and property is just if people are entitled to what they have
A

Nozick

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15
Q

Fairness
justice should be distributed fairly
- people choose on basis of self interest

  • principles of self interest
  • social contractarianism
A

Rawls

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16
Q
  • argument against social contractarianism
  • do not need a centralized power telling us when and how to help people less fortunate
A

Kristol

17
Q

attempt to impose social justice on a healthy marketplace will in the end only harm the markets and those whom the original action intended to help

A

Hayek

18
Q

“Land community”
Is a granted moral standing such that individual member can be treated as resources as long as the community itself is respected

“ethical holism”
Most practical approach to take when making a decision about resource management thinking like a mountain

A

Leopolds

19
Q

argues we error when we think all public policy question should be settled on basis of money

Argues
We have policy concerns that are more then financial concerns
Should not substitute efficiency of safety
Should never victimize our citizens or treat them like pawns to serve the interest of those in power

A

Sagoff

20
Q

Have no duty to the environment but do have a duty to ourselves and future generations

A

Baxter

21
Q

Business do not have obligation to conserve natural resources or pollute less then requires levels by law

business does have environmental obligation such as educating consumer and not opposing environmental regulation in politics

A

Bowie

22
Q

Nonhumans animals have moral consideration as they experience pleasure and pain

So need to to acknowledge we have a moral duty to nonhuman when making decision about what happens to them

A

Singer

23
Q

capitalism is a regime
Like other regimes with distinctive hierarchies and power structure

A

Heilbroner

24
Q

Capitalism has lost its moral foundation
Is now a source of many if not most cultural problems

A

Bell

25
Q

“Two kinds of commerce” (art of wealth getting)

Household management has limit
Ex can consumer too much food

retail trade = no limit
Not part of the natural purpose
Can not produce enough

A

Aristitle

26
Q

defends capitalism

“wool coat”

When people are free to pursue economic interests they will without intending it product the greatest good for all

A

Smith

27
Q

“Fetishism of commodities”
Warns of danger
Is our society desire for things
- we are confused by the desire for them

A

Marx

28
Q

need freedom and independence in education

  • so government is never involved in indoctination
A

Mill

29
Q

Economic troubles are growing pains

The “economic problem“ is being solved

Problem of future is too much leisure

A

Keynes

30
Q

importance of economic disaster for the less fortunate (ex: famines)
Both economist and capitalist have duty to help those in need

A

Sen

31
Q

Uneven distribution of wealth which is inevitably form a free market poses a challenge to our democratic system

  • if we want free markets need to “shake hegemony of the free markets
A

Kuttner

32
Q

“labour mixing”
If you own something and mix it with something else that is presently unowned then you come to own the other thing

A

Locke’s

33
Q

“labour mixing”
If you own something and mix it with something else that is presently unowned then you come to own the other thing

A

Locke’s

34
Q

argued
History has come to an end as free markets and free societies are the natural goal of human kind

A

Fukuyama

35
Q

“Market Reasoning”

Moral limits of markets

A

Sandel

36
Q

Moral ecology of markets

A

Finn

Phil (7 decks)

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