Other Types of Diabetes (Non-T1/T2DM) Flashcards
What is LADA?
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adulthood - diabetes that appears as Type 2 but actually Type 1
What are included under Type 3 Diabetes?
- Pancreatic diseases
- Endocrine diseases
- Drug-induced
- Genetic diseases
What pancreatic diseases are there in T3DM?
- Chronic or recurrent pancreatitis
- Haemochromatosis
- Cystic Fibrosis
What endocrine diseases are there in T3DM?
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Acromegaly
- Phaechromocytoma
- Glucagonoma
What genetic diseases are there in T3DM?
- Cystic fibrosis
- Myotonic dystrophy
- Turner’s syndrome
What drug-induced examples are there in T3DM and are associated with other types of DM?
- Glucocorticoids
- Diuretics (thiazides)
- B-blockers
- Statins
- Abnormalities of insulin and its receptor
What is MODY?
Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (essentially Type 2 diabetes in the young)
What are the classical signs of MODY?
- Strong Family History
- Associated Features (renal cysts etc)
- Young Onset
- GAD-negative
- C-peptide positive
What is Type 4 Diabetes?
Gestational diabetes - Any degree of glucose intolerance arising or diagnosed during pregnancy
What are the 2 different phenotypes of MODY?
Glucokinase and Transcription factor (HNFalpha) defects
What happens in someone with Glucokinase mutation MODY?
Glucokinase is the first step in glucose metabolism, so acts as thr glucose sensor, so someone with glucokinase mutation has abnormal glucose sensing, so the set point it higher so have a high fasting glucose. Essentially is just like being normal but with high resting glucose
What test can be used to differentiate Glucokinase mutations and Transcription factor mutations?
Oral Glucose Tolerance results (Glucokinase is much higher)
True/False: Glucokinase MODY requires insulin treatment
False
How do the clinic features of Glucokinase and transcription factor MODY differ?
What is often used to treat transcription factor MODY?
Gliclazide and/or SU
