Other stuff Flashcards
What does OSAC stand for?
Organization of Scientific Area Committees
What does PCAST stand for?
President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology
What type of camera do you use and how many megapixels is it?
I am currently using the Z5 and it is 24.3 MP
What does JPEG stand for?
Joint Photographic Experts Group
Can you name any critics of friction ridge identification?
Simon Cole published Suspect Identities which calls in to question the validity of fingerprint identification as a scientific process and brings up its’ troubling history in Western society as it relates to eugenics (GALTON).
Have errors occurred in your discipline?
Yes we do not claim a zero error rate. A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences involving many fingerprint experts found the rates of error were: 0.1% for false positives and 7.5% false negatives. Both without verification.
What does IAI stand for
International Association for Identification - The oldest and largest forensic association in the world.
What is a recent article or book that you’ve read
I read an article called ‘Thinking outside the (glove) box’ in the Journal of Forensic Identification by Nora RAJS and others. The article was about the best methods for developing fingerprints on latex gloves and it concluded that a combination of Ninhydrin and CA yielded the best results.
What is Stokes shift
The difference between the lavelength at which a molecule emits light and the wavelength at which it absorbs light.
How can you determine the direction of travel of a vehicle based on the tiretracks?
- If a tiretrack ends abruptly this indicates a change in direction (reverse) and from there one can easily determine which tires are the front tires.
- If the vehicle went over grass or other plants, direction can be determined based on which way the growth is flattened
- spatter from spinning tires
- Some tires are directional, whichever way the tip of the triangular features point is the front of the vehicle.
- Occasionally details from the sidewall might transfer. Sidewalls on a directional tire have an arrow showing the front.
Name 8 components of tire tread
-Wear bar indicators
-Groove
-Lateral grooves
-Notches
- Rib
- Rib element
- Sipes
- Tread width
What is silver nitrate used for and what does it react with?
Silver Nitrate is a development method for fingerprints and it reacts with salt in the sweat
Which countries use a numeric system for fingerprint identification?
Most European and South American countries use a numeric standard. Italy, Spain, Hungary, Portugal, Poland
What is a white box study?
A white box study looks at the entire process and not just the outcome or opinion. FBI Noblis Brandford ULERY was the lead researcher
What two black box studies validate fingerprint identification?
1) FBI Noblis black box study - False Positive 0.1% and False negative 7.5%
2) Palm print black box study Eldridge and Forensic Science international - false positive 0.4% and False negative 9.5%
What does LASER stand for?
Light Amplified by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation
What is the inverse square law as it relates to photography?
The observed intensity of light is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source (flash)
