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Pulmonary > Other Pulmonary > Flashcards

Other Pulmonary Flashcards

1
Q

signs on CT of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis?

A

diffuse thin walled cysts

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2
Q

causes of non cardiogenic pulmonary edema?

A

SAH, PE, eclampsia, opiods naloxone, ASN, closed glottis, reexpansion

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3
Q

CT findings of cystic fibrosis?

A

upper lobe cylindrical bronchiectasis, tram tracking

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4
Q

CF pts at risk for what bug? tx?

A

pseudomonas/antipseudomonal B lactam and flq

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5
Q

CF with hemoptysis at risk for what?

A

colonization with S aueus or pseudomonas

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6
Q

High altitude pulmonary edema tx?

A

O2 and nifedipine reduce PAP

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7
Q

high altitude sickness and cerebral edema tx?

A

diamoxx and steroids

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8
Q

DLCO in DAH?

A

increased since blood in alveoli binds CO2 and prevents exhalation

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9
Q

NSIP presentation?

A

young female with subacute presentation

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10
Q

CT findings of NSIP?

A

b/l basilar GGO, temprally uniform, no honeycombing

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11
Q

BAL findings NSIP?

A

intraalveolar MO, and lymphocyte predominant

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12
Q

IPF difference from NSIP?

A

honeycombing without GGO, not temporally uniform

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13
Q

hypoxic events with normal Aa gradient?

A

hypoventilation, low PiO2

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14
Q

normal Aa gradient?

A

5-10 mmhg

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15
Q

mechanism of injury in drowning?

A

washes out surfactant and disrupts the alveolar membrane

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16
Q

PE findings of atelectasis?

A

dec tactile fremitus

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17
Q

CXR findings of atelectasis?

A

tracheal deviation to the atelectasis, elevated hemidiaphragm

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18
Q

Loeffler syndrome/hypersensiticity lung disease?

A

drug induced, cough rash fever eosinophilia, tx: steroids

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19
Q

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis mediation?

A

immunologic induced IgG mediation

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20
Q

CT findings of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

A

centrilobular micronodules, GGO, mosaic pattern

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21
Q

central sleep apnea RF?

A

CVA hx, methadone, renal failure, hypothyroid, heart failure

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22
Q

symptoms of SVC syndrome?

A

HA with leaning forward, engorged veins over anterior chest, head and neck swelling

23
Q

initial tx for SVC syndrome?

A

diuretics, elevation, O2

24
Q

severe dz tx for SVC syndrome?

A

stenting with acute sx. Definitive tx is radiation

25
Q

where are the plaques of asbestos?

A

parietal pleura

26
Q

MOA of neurogenic pulmonary edema?

A

massive release of catecholamines, large capilalry leak

27
Q

Radiation pneumonitis presentation?

A

latent period of 6 months- dry couhg, pleurisy, maybe fever

28
Q

CT findings of radiation pneumonitis?

A

GGO that coalesce to form a sharply demarcated area, and GGO will cross the fiddure line

29
Q

radiation pneumonitis tx?

A

steroids

30
Q

3 things to diagnose berrilyiosis

A

exposure hx, positive blood or BAL lymphocyte test, non caseating granulomas

31
Q

what constitutes a large BP fistula?

A

> 5mm, can do thoracostomy

32
Q

diagnois of MTX pneumonitis?

A

restrictive PFT, dec DLCO, bx with marked eos, and smear with eos

33
Q

Methemoglobinemia low Sao2?

A

dark pigment and machine gets confused for deoxyhemoglobin. So will have a ABG with high Pao2

34
Q

dangerous levels of methemoglobin?

A

> 20% causes cyanosis, AMS, cardiac issues

35
Q

blood of methemoglobin?

A

chocolate colored

36
Q

centrilobular micronodules on imgaing?

A

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

37
Q

MTX induced pneumonitis?

A

similar to hypersensitivity pneumonitis with dry cough, eosinophilia, negative cultures, GGO on CT

Restrictive pattern on PFT and decreased DLCO

38
Q

underlying causes of DAH?

A

vasculitis, APS, renopulmonary syndromes

39
Q

DAH post BMT tx?

A

corticosteroids

40
Q

DAH with goodpasture syndrome tx?

A

pharesis

41
Q

erythemetous rash, fever, non cardiogenic pulmonary edema post SCT?

A

peri engraftment respiratory distress syndrome

42
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitis mediation?

A

IgG mediated respone to dust

43
Q

CT scan of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

A

centrilobular nodules, widespread GGO, mosaic pattern

44
Q

clinical presentation of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

A

sensitization and then repeated exposure to dust, think farmers

45
Q

asbestos plaques are where?

A

parietal pleura, unlikely to become cancerous

46
Q

POPE

A

post obstructive pulmonary edema- trach, laryngospasm

47
Q

normal A-a gradient?

A

5-10 mmhg, increases with age

48
Q

portopulmonary HTN findings?

A

will have pulmonary HTN and RV strain

49
Q

difference between portopulmonary HTN and hepatopulmonary syndrome?

A

no orthodeoxia

50
Q

meds used for the prevention of high altitude pulmonary edema?

A

dexamethasone if a a history of dz,

salmeterol

51
Q

meds used to treat high altitude pulmonary edema?

A

CCB, nifedipine

52
Q

meds to decrease risk of high altitude sickness, cerebral edema?

A

acetazolamide, dexamethasone

53
Q

what level to obtain in anaphylaxis?

A

tryptase will remain elevated for longer, but hsitamine will initially be elevated

Pulmonary (14 decks)

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