Other Pulmonary

Question 1

signs on CT of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis?

Answer 1

diffuse thin walled cysts

Question 2

causes of non cardiogenic pulmonary edema?

Answer 2

SAH, PE, eclampsia, opiods naloxone, ASN, closed glottis, reexpansion

Question 3

CT findings of cystic fibrosis?

Answer 3

upper lobe cylindrical bronchiectasis, tram tracking

Question 4

CF pts at risk for what bug? tx?

Answer 4

pseudomonas/antipseudomonal B lactam and flq

Question 5

CF with hemoptysis at risk for what?

Answer 5

colonization with S aueus or pseudomonas

Question 6

High altitude pulmonary edema tx?

Answer 6

O2 and nifedipine reduce PAP

Question 7

high altitude sickness and cerebral edema tx?

Answer 7

diamoxx and steroids

Question 8

DLCO in DAH?

Answer 8

increased since blood in alveoli binds CO2 and prevents exhalation

Question 9

NSIP presentation?

Answer 9

young female with subacute presentation

Question 10

CT findings of NSIP?

Answer 10

b/l basilar GGO, temprally uniform, no honeycombing

Question 11

BAL findings NSIP?

Answer 11

intraalveolar MO, and lymphocyte predominant

Question 12

IPF difference from NSIP?

Answer 12

honeycombing without GGO, not temporally uniform

Question 13

hypoxic events with normal Aa gradient?

Answer 13

hypoventilation, low PiO2

Question 14

normal Aa gradient?

Answer 14

5-10 mmhg

Question 15

mechanism of injury in drowning?

Answer 15

washes out surfactant and disrupts the alveolar membrane

Question 16

PE findings of atelectasis?

Answer 16

dec tactile fremitus

Question 17

CXR findings of atelectasis?

Answer 17

tracheal deviation to the atelectasis, elevated hemidiaphragm

Question 18

Loeffler syndrome/hypersensiticity lung disease?

Answer 18

drug induced, cough rash fever eosinophilia, tx: steroids

Question 19

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis mediation?

Answer 19

immunologic induced IgG mediation

Question 20

CT findings of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

Answer 20

centrilobular micronodules, GGO, mosaic pattern

Question 21

central sleep apnea RF?

Answer 21

CVA hx, methadone, renal failure, hypothyroid, heart failure

Question 22

symptoms of SVC syndrome?

Answer 22

HA with leaning forward, engorged veins over anterior chest, head and neck swelling

Question 23

initial tx for SVC syndrome?

Answer 23

diuretics, elevation, O2

Question 24

severe dz tx for SVC syndrome?

Answer 24

stenting with acute sx. Definitive tx is radiation

Question 25

where are the plaques of asbestos?

Answer 25

parietal pleura

Question 26

MOA of neurogenic pulmonary edema?

Answer 26

massive release of catecholamines, large capilalry leak

Question 27

Radiation pneumonitis presentation?

Answer 27

latent period of 6 months- dry couhg, pleurisy, maybe fever

Question 28

CT findings of radiation pneumonitis?

Answer 28

GGO that coalesce to form a sharply demarcated area, and GGO will cross the fiddure line

Question 29

radiation pneumonitis tx?

Answer 29

steroids

Question 30

3 things to diagnose berrilyiosis

Answer 30

exposure hx, positive blood or BAL lymphocyte test, non caseating granulomas

Question 31

what constitutes a large BP fistula?

Answer 31

>5mm, can do thoracostomy

Question 32

diagnois of MTX pneumonitis?

Answer 32

restrictive PFT, dec DLCO, bx with marked eos, and smear with eos

Question 33

Methemoglobinemia low Sao2?

Answer 33

dark pigment and machine gets confused for deoxyhemoglobin. So will have a ABG with high Pao2

Question 34

dangerous levels of methemoglobin?

Answer 34

>20% causes cyanosis, AMS, cardiac issues

Question 35

blood of methemoglobin?

Answer 35

chocolate colored

Question 36

centrilobular micronodules on imgaing?

Answer 36

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Question 37

MTX induced pneumonitis?

Answer 37

similar to hypersensitivity pneumonitis with dry cough, eosinophilia, negative cultures, GGO on CT Restrictive pattern on PFT and decreased DLCO

Question 38

underlying causes of DAH?

Answer 38

vasculitis, APS, renopulmonary syndromes

Question 39

DAH post BMT tx?

Answer 39

corticosteroids

Question 40

DAH with goodpasture syndrome tx?

Answer 40

pharesis

Question 41

erythemetous rash, fever, non cardiogenic pulmonary edema post SCT?

Answer 41

peri engraftment respiratory distress syndrome

Question 42

hypersensitivity pneumonitis mediation?

Answer 42

IgG mediated respone to dust

Question 43

CT scan of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

Answer 43

centrilobular nodules, widespread GGO, mosaic pattern

Question 44

clinical presentation of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

Answer 44

sensitization and then repeated exposure to dust, think farmers

Question 45

asbestos plaques are where?

Answer 45

parietal pleura, unlikely to become cancerous

Question 46

POPE

Answer 46

post obstructive pulmonary edema- trach, laryngospasm

Question 47

normal A-a gradient?

Answer 47

5-10 mmhg, increases with age

Question 48

portopulmonary HTN findings?

Answer 48

will have pulmonary HTN and RV strain

Question 49

difference between portopulmonary HTN and hepatopulmonary syndrome?

Answer 49

no orthodeoxia

Question 50

meds used for the prevention of high altitude pulmonary edema?

Answer 50

dexamethasone if a a history of dz, salmeterol

Question 51

meds used to treat high altitude pulmonary edema?

Answer 51

CCB, nifedipine

Question 52

meds to decrease risk of high altitude sickness, cerebral edema?

Answer 52

acetazolamide, dexamethasone

Question 53

what level to obtain in anaphylaxis?

Answer 53

tryptase will remain elevated for longer, but hsitamine will initially be elevated