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Paramedic Drugs > Other Paramedic Drugs > Flashcards

Other Paramedic Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid indications

A
  • Sepsis and:
  • The patient is aged greater than or equal to 12 years and
  • One or more high risk factors and present and
  • Time to hospital is greater than 30 minutes
  • Cellulitis - in the setting of a single IV dose if patient is being referred to primary care and there may be a delay in seeing a doctor
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2
Q

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid contraindications

A
  • Known severe allergy
  • Known severe allergy to penicillins
  • Anaphylaxis to any beta - lactam antibiotic (penicillins or cephalosporins)
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3
Q

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid cautions

A

None

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4
Q

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid actions

A
  • Beta lactam antibiotic with broad activity against gram negative and positive bacteria. Also has some activity against anaerobic bacteria
  • Amoxicillin is the active ingredient part of the penicillin class of antibiotics. Inhibits production of the bacteria cell wall causing bacteria to die
  • Many bacteria are resistant to amoxicillin due to their ability to produce beta-lactamase which destroys the active part of beta lactam antibiotics. Clavulanic acid inhibits betalactamase enzyme and has no direct antibacterial action
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5
Q

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid route

A

IV

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6
Q

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid dose

A

1.2g

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7
Q

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid side effects

A

None

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8
Q

Ceftriaxone indications

A
  • Suspected meningococcal septicaemia
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9
Q

Ceftriaxone contraindications

A
  • Anaphylaxis to cephalosporins
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10
Q

Ceftriaxone cautions

A

None

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11
Q

Ceftriaxone actions

A
  • Cephalosporin antibiotic with broad activity against gram negative and positive bacteria. It inhibits production of bacterial cell wall causing bacteria to die
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12
Q

Ceftriaxone route

A

IV
IM

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13
Q

Ceftriaxone dose

A

2g for an adult for both IV and IM
- Draw up 4mls saline add to ampoule
- Draw up ampoule and dilute to 10mls
- Administer IV over 1-2 minutes preferably into a running line

IM - Draw up 4 mls saline into ampoule (total volume approx 5mls)
Draw up half into 2 ampoules and administer 1 syringe into each lateral thigh

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14
Q

Ceftriaxone side effects

A

None

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15
Q

Gentamicin indications

A
  • Sepsis (in addition to amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid) where the site of infection is urinary tract, the abdomen or unknown and
  • Patient is equal to or older than 12 and
  • One or more high risk factors are present and
  • Time to hospital greater than 30 minutes
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16
Q

Gentamicin contraindications

A
  • Known severe allergy
  • Pregnancy
17
Q

Gentamicin cautions

A

None

18
Q

Gentamicin actions

A
  • Aminoglycoside antibiotic with broad activity against gram negative bacteria.
  • Inhibits bacterial cell protein synthesis
19
Q

Gentamicin route

A

IV

20
Q

Gentamicin dose

A
  • 400mg if over 80kgs
  • 320mg if 60-80kgs
  • 240mg if less than 60kg

Dilute the dose to a total of 10-20 mls using saline and administer over 1-2 minutes preferably into a running line

21
Q

Gentamicin side effects

A
  • Although renal impairment is commonly listed this is not of significant concern unless repeated or prolonged dosing
  • Ototoxicity (damage to inner ear) but usually only with repeated or prolonged dosing
22
Q

Naloxone indications

A
  • Opiate poisoning is suspected and the pt has significantly ALOC or significantly impaired breathing
  • Excess adverse effects from administration of opiates
23
Q

Naloxone contraindications

A
  • Known severe allergy
24
Q

Naloxone Cautions

A
  • Chronic opiate use
25
Q

Naloxone actions

A

Naloxone is an opiate receptor antagonist (blocker). By blocking opiate receptors naloxone reverses the effects of opiates, particularly respiratory depression and sedation

26
Q

Naloxone route

A
  • IV
  • IM
27
Q

Naloxone dose

A
  • IV 0.1-0.4mg every 5 minutes
  • IM 0.8mg every 20 minutes
28
Q

Naloxone side effects

A
  • Sweating
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypertension

Paramedic Drugs (2 decks)

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