Other GI Drugs Flashcards
antiemetics
supress nausea and vomitting from chemo, radiation, surgery, general nausea, motions sickness
antiemetics
supress nausea and vomitting from chemo, radiation, surgery, general nausea, motions sickness
antiemetic drug classes
serotonin receptor antagonists
dopamine antagonists
anticholinergics
antihistamines
Serotonin (5-HT3) Receptor Antagonists
most effective class for anticancer; ondansetron
ondansetron
Headaches (common)
Diarrhea (common)
Dizziness (common)
Serotonin syndrome (idiosyncratic effect)
Q-T prolongation=risk for Torsades de pointes
Dopamine Antagonist: Phenothiazines
blocking dopamine2; reduce emesis with surgery, chemo, toxins; promethazine
promethazine side effects
sedation anticholinergic EPS(tardive dyskinesia) Agranulocytosis Respiratory Depression
Promethazine
Extravasation of IV Promethazine can cause Abscess formation,
Severe Tissue Injury,
and Gangrene that requires amputation
Other Antiemetics - Prokinetic Agents
metoclopramide
increase gastric and promotes intestinal emptying; EPS may occur (blocks dopamine); chemo side effects, post op nausea, nausea from migranes
Cannabinoid Antiemetics
Dronabinol
Nabilone
Dissociation Depersonalization Dysphoria Tachycardia Hypotension Drowsiness
Drugs for motion sickness
n/v by motion inhibiting vestibular stimulation in the middle ear;
dimenhydrinate (OTC)
meclizine (OTC)
diphenhydramine (OTC)
Scopolamine (Requires Rx)
Antidiarrheal Agents
Specific Tx underlying cause Nonspecific Act on or within the bowel for symptom relief Do not affect underlying cause
Causes of diarrhea:
Infection
Maldigestion
Inflammation
Functional disorders of bowel (IBS)
Serious complications of diarrhea
Dehydration
Electrolyte depletion
Management of diarrhea is directed at:
Diagnosis and Treatment
Water and electrolyte replacement
Relief of cramping
Reducing passage of unformed stool
