Other forms of Diabetes (NOT T1 or T2)

Question 1

What is MODY?

Answer 1

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (usually diagnosed <25y)

Question 2

In MODY, h____ n____ f____ (HNF) mutations alter insulin secretion and reduce beta cell proliferation

Answer 2

hepatic nuclear factor

Question 3

MODY 2 is a mutations in g_____ gene (GCK)

Answer 3

Glucokinase (the glucose-sensor of beta cells, control release of insulin)

Question 4

MODY diabetes is determined due to…

Answer 4

family history

Question 5

C-peptide is found in non-synthetic i____

Answer 5

insulin

Question 6

Type 2 and MODY patients have _-______ present whereas Type 1 doesn’t due to complete autoimmune beta cell destruction

Answer 6

c-peptide

Question 7

Permanent Neonatal Diabetes

Answer 7

Diagnosed <6 months
Signs = small, epilepsy, muscle weakness
Mutation prevents closure of a potassium channel resulting in lack of insulin secretion

Question 8

What is MIDD?

Answer 8

Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness

Mutation in mitochondrial DNA causing loss of beta cell mass

Question 9

Acute inflammation of the pancreas can cause transient h______ due to increased g_____ secretion

Answer 9

hyperglycaemia, glucagon

Question 10

What is a common cause of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 10

Alcohol

Question 11

What is Hereditary Haemochromatosis?

Answer 11

Excess of iron
Autosomal recessive: triad of cirrhosis, diabetes and bronzed hyperpigmentation

Question 12

The Cystic Fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene regulates _____ secretion

Answer 12

chloride

Question 13

Cystic fibrosis patients often develop diabetes due to viscous secretions obstructing d___ and leads to fibrosis

Answer 13

ducts

Question 14

For cystic fibrosis patients with diabetes, insulin improves…

Answer 14

Body weight
Lung function
Reduces infections

Question 15

Acromegaly can cause diabetes as the excessive secretion of ______ hormone leads to insulin resistance

Answer 15

growth

Question 16

How can Cushing’s syndrome lead to diabetes?

Answer 16

Excess glucocorticoid leads to increased insulin resistance and gluconeogenesis

Question 17

What are Pheochromocytomas?

Answer 17

Rare tumours that produce adrenaline or noradrenaline, overdrive all the time, increases gluconeogenesis and decreases glucose uptake

Question 18

What is the most common type of drug to cause diabetes?

Answer 18

Steroids
(also some Thiazides, antipsychotics)