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ASC382 Exam 3 > Other Farm Animals > Flashcards

Other Farm Animals Flashcards

1
Q

Male bison

A

bull

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2
Q

Female bison

A

cow

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3
Q

Young bison

A

calf

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4
Q

What are bison raised for?

A

meat, breeding, hunting, hides

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5
Q

What are the bison in the US called?

A

American Plains Buffalo

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6
Q

How much to mature cows weigh?

A

1,000-1,500 lbs.

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7
Q

At what age can cows begin breeding?

A

2 years old

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8
Q

What is bison cow gestation period?

A

280-285 days

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9
Q

What kind of estrous cycle do bison have?

A

seasonal

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10
Q

When does the bison breeding season occur?

A

August-October

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11
Q

When does bison calving occur?

A

May-July

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12
Q

How much do bison bulls weigh at maturity?

A

around 2,000 lbs.

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13
Q

When can bison bulls begin breeding?

A

2 years old

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14
Q

How many bison cows can one bull breed?

A

10-15

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15
Q

How long can the average bison reproduce?

A

20 years

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16
Q

How much do bison calves weigh at birth?

A

40-50 lbs.

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17
Q

What kind of breeding service is used for bison?

A

natural service

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18
Q

When are bison calves weaned?

A

205 days old

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19
Q

What is a bison and a cattle cow mix called?

A

beefalo

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20
Q

What will bison do during heavy snowstorms?

A

lie down, appear dormant, allow snow to cover their bodies

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21
Q

Do bison require shelter?

A

no they will turn to face storms

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22
Q

What should fencing consist of for bison?

A

-high-tensile wires, 3 of which should carry high voltage of electricity
-or steel pole fencing
-bison can jump fences and break through almost any barrier

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23
Q

At what weight are bison butchered?

A

950-1,250 lbs.

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24
Q

At what age are bison butchered?

A

18-36 months old

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25
Q

What is the average dressing percentage of bidon?

A

57%

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26
Q

What is bison meat like compared to beef?

A

-lower fat content
-lower cholesterol content
-no IM fat
-tastes similar just tougher

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27
Q

What color is bison fat?

A

yellow because they are grass fed

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28
Q

What are by-products of bison meat production?

A

-heads (sold as mounted trophies or clean skulls)
-hides (for leather goods)

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29
Q

Ratites

A

flightless birds
-lack a keel on the breastbone where the flight muscle attach

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30
Q

Breeds of ratites

A

-ostriches
-emus
-rheas
-cassowaries
-kiwis

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31
Q

How tall are ostriches?

A

6-8 ft tall

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32
Q

How many toes do ostriches have?

A

2 toes/foot

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33
Q

How much do ostriches weigh?

A

250-400 lbs.

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34
Q

What is an ostriches method of defense?

A

-can run up to 45 mph
-kicking (kick forward)

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35
Q

How tall are emus?

A

5-6 ft. tall

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36
Q

How many toes do emus have?

A

3 toes/foot

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37
Q

How much do emus weigh?

A

110-140 lbs.

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38
Q

Is an emu female or male larger?

A

females, they are also more aggressive

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39
Q

When do ratites begin to reproduce?

A

2-3 years old

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40
Q

How many eggs per year do ostriches average?

A

40-60 eggs

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41
Q

How many eggs per year do emus average?

A

20-50 eggs

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42
Q

How long can the productive lifespan of an ostrich be?

A

40 years

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43
Q

How long can the productive lifespan of emus be?

A

20 years

44
Q

What is breeding season for an ostrich in captivity?

A

march to october

45
Q

What is breeding season for an emu in captivity?

A

november to april

46
Q

How do birds usually pair for mating?

A

-mate for life
-either pairs or trios (two females one male)

47
Q

Who cares for the eggs with ostriches?

A

-females sit on the eggs during the day
-males sit on the eggs at night

48
Q

Who cares for the eggs with emus?

A

-female leaves after laying
-male sits on eggs till they hatch out

49
Q

What are marketable products from ostriches and emus?

A

-leather
-feather
-meat
-oil

50
Q

What are ratites raised for slaughter valued at?

A

$500-750/bird

51
Q

Ostriche and emu meat

A

-red meat
-similar in texture and color to beef
-more iron, protein, vitamin C than beef

52
Q

Ostriche and emu oil

A

-cosmetics
-pharmaceuticals
-not approved by FDA

53
Q

What are rabbits harvested for meat called?

A

fryers

54
Q

How much do fryers weigh?

A

1.4-4 lbs.

55
Q

What is rabbit meat like?

A

-white meat
-tender
-bright pearly pink color
-fine grained
-high in protein
-low in fat and cholesterol

56
Q

At what age are fryers butchered?

A

8-10 weeks old

57
Q

How much do fryers weigh when butchered?

A

around 4 lbs.

58
Q

How many breeds of rabbit are there?

A

more than 50

59
Q

What are the preferred breeds of rabbit for meat production?

A

New Zealand White, Champagne d’Argent, Checkered Giant, and Flemish Giant

60
Q

What is a male rabbit called?

A

buck

61
Q

What is a female rabbit called?

A

doe

62
Q

What is a young rabbit called?

A

kit

63
Q

What kind of estrous cycle do rabbits have?

A

they do not have an estrous cycle they are induced ovulators

64
Q

Induced ovulators

A

ovulate during or just prior to mating

65
Q

How many litters can does produce per year?

A

6-8 litters/year

66
Q

How old can does first be bred?

A

5 months old

67
Q

Where should does be bred?

A

in the bucks cage because they can highly territorial

68
Q

How long does it take for rabbit mating to occur?

A

no more than 5 minutes

69
Q

How many does can a buck service per day?

A

1-2 does every other day

70
Q

How many bucks is needed for 30 does?

A

1

71
Q

How long is rabbit gestation

A

30-31 days

72
Q

What is a typical rabbit litter size?

A

7-8 kits

73
Q

How often will kits nurse?

A

once a day for 3-4 minutes

74
Q

When should a doe be rebred?

A

14-28 days after kindling

75
Q

When are kits weaned?

A

around 28 days old

76
Q

What family are llamas and alpacas from?

A

Camelidae family

77
Q

Camelidae family

A

modified ruminants with a three compartment stomach

78
Q

What kind of hooves do llamas and alpacas have?

A

cloven hooves

79
Q

What are young llamas and alpacas called?

A

cria

80
Q

What are llamas used for?

A

-carry burdens
-fiber source
-meat source

81
Q

What are alpacas used for?

A

-fiber production
-meat source in South America

82
Q

What is a llama male called?

A

stud

83
Q

What is a llama female called?

A

dam

84
Q

How much do adult llamas weigh?

A

250-450 lbs.

85
Q

How tall are adult llamas?

A

-42-45 in. at their shoulder
-5.5-6 ft. tall at their head

86
Q

How long can llamas live?

A

20-25 years

87
Q

What color can llamas be?

A

white, black, shades of grey, brown, and red

88
Q

What are the types of llamas?

A

-classic
-suri
-wooly

89
Q

How often are fiber llamas shorn?

A

annually

90
Q

What is a llamas hair coat like?

A

-double hair coat
-fine wool fiber
-intermingled with stiff guard hairs

91
Q

What must be removed before spinners and weavers can use llama wool?

A

the guard hairs

92
Q

How much can pack llamas carry?

A

25-30% of their body weight

93
Q

Why are llamas good pack animals?

A

-sure footed
-can browse while walking

94
Q

What is the most common use of llamas in the US?

A

livestock guardians

95
Q

What are llamas used to guard?

A

-cattle
-sheep
-poultry

96
Q

What type of llama are most guardian llamas?

A

gelded males

97
Q

Why are llamas good guardians?

A

they have a natural inherent wariness of dogs

98
Q

What are the types of alpacas?

A

-huacaya
-suri

99
Q

What is the most common type of alpaca?

A

huacaya

100
Q

What is huacaya alpaca fibers like?

A

-fibers grow perpendicular to the body
-form a lock structure giving a fluffy, spongey appearance

101
Q

What are suri alpacas fibers like?

A

-fibers grow parallel to the body
-hangs down the sides of the body in curly ringlets
-appears slender and sleek looking

102
Q

How much do adult alpacas weigh?

A

130-200 lbs.

103
Q

What is the alpacas average lifespan?

A

15-25 years

104
Q

How often are alpacas shorn?

A

annually

105
Q

Do alpacas have guard hairs?

A

no, they have very soft fiber

106
Q

What is the primary use of alpacas?

A

fiber production

ASC382 Exam 3 (7 decks)

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