Other Farm Animals Flashcards
1
Q
Male bison
A
bull
2
Q
Female bison
A
cow
3
Q
Young bison
A
calf
4
Q
What are bison raised for?
A
meat, breeding, hunting, hides
5
Q
What are the bison in the US called?
A
American Plains Buffalo
6
Q
How much to mature cows weigh?
A
1,000-1,500 lbs.
7
Q
At what age can cows begin breeding?
A
2 years old
8
Q
What is bison cow gestation period?
A
280-285 days
9
Q
What kind of estrous cycle do bison have?
A
seasonal
10
Q
When does the bison breeding season occur?
A
August-October
11
Q
When does bison calving occur?
A
May-July
12
Q
How much do bison bulls weigh at maturity?
A
around 2,000 lbs.
13
Q
When can bison bulls begin breeding?
A
2 years old
14
Q
How many bison cows can one bull breed?
A
10-15
15
Q
How long can the average bison reproduce?
A
20 years
16
Q
How much do bison calves weigh at birth?
A
40-50 lbs.
17
Q
What kind of breeding service is used for bison?
A
natural service
18
Q
When are bison calves weaned?
A
205 days old
19
Q
What is a bison and a cattle cow mix called?
A
beefalo
20
Q
What will bison do during heavy snowstorms?
A
lie down, appear dormant, allow snow to cover their bodies
21
Q
Do bison require shelter?
A
no they will turn to face storms
22
Q
What should fencing consist of for bison?
A
-high-tensile wires, 3 of which should carry high voltage of electricity
-or steel pole fencing
-bison can jump fences and break through almost any barrier
23
Q
At what weight are bison butchered?
A
950-1,250 lbs.
24
Q
At what age are bison butchered?
A
18-36 months old
25
What is the average dressing percentage of bidon?
57%
26
What is bison meat like compared to beef?
-lower fat content
-lower cholesterol content
-no IM fat
-tastes similar just tougher
27
What color is bison fat?
yellow because they are grass fed
28
What are by-products of bison meat production?
-heads (sold as mounted trophies or clean skulls)
-hides (for leather goods)
29
Ratites
flightless birds
-lack a keel on the breastbone where the flight muscle attach
30
Breeds of ratites
-ostriches
-emus
-rheas
-cassowaries
-kiwis
31
How tall are ostriches?
6-8 ft tall
32
How many toes do ostriches have?
2 toes/foot
33
How much do ostriches weigh?
250-400 lbs.
34
What is an ostriches method of defense?
-can run up to 45 mph
-kicking (kick forward)
35
How tall are emus?
5-6 ft. tall
36
How many toes do emus have?
3 toes/foot
37
How much do emus weigh?
110-140 lbs.
38
Is an emu female or male larger?
females, they are also more aggressive
39
When do ratites begin to reproduce?
2-3 years old
40
How many eggs per year do ostriches average?
40-60 eggs
41
How many eggs per year do emus average?
20-50 eggs
42
How long can the productive lifespan of an ostrich be?
40 years
43
How long can the productive lifespan of emus be?
20 years
44
What is breeding season for an ostrich in captivity?
march to october
45
What is breeding season for an emu in captivity?
november to april
46
How do birds usually pair for mating?
-mate for life
-either pairs or trios (two females one male)
47
Who cares for the eggs with ostriches?
-females sit on the eggs during the day
-males sit on the eggs at night
48
Who cares for the eggs with emus?
-female leaves after laying
-male sits on eggs till they hatch out
49
What are marketable products from ostriches and emus?
-leather
-feather
-meat
-oil
50
What are ratites raised for slaughter valued at?
$500-750/bird
51
Ostriche and emu meat
-red meat
-similar in texture and color to beef
-more iron, protein, vitamin C than beef
52
Ostriche and emu oil
-cosmetics
-pharmaceuticals
-not approved by FDA
53
What are rabbits harvested for meat called?
fryers
54
How much do fryers weigh?
1.4-4 lbs.
55
What is rabbit meat like?
-white meat
-tender
-bright pearly pink color
-fine grained
-high in protein
-low in fat and cholesterol
56
At what age are fryers butchered?
8-10 weeks old
57
How much do fryers weigh when butchered?
around 4 lbs.
58
How many breeds of rabbit are there?
more than 50
59
What are the preferred breeds of rabbit for meat production?
New Zealand White, Champagne d'Argent, Checkered Giant, and Flemish Giant
60
What is a male rabbit called?
buck
61
What is a female rabbit called?
doe
62
What is a young rabbit called?
kit
63
What kind of estrous cycle do rabbits have?
they do not have an estrous cycle they are induced ovulators
64
Induced ovulators
ovulate during or just prior to mating
65
How many litters can does produce per year?
6-8 litters/year
66
How old can does first be bred?
5 months old
67
Where should does be bred?
in the bucks cage because they can highly territorial
68
How long does it take for rabbit mating to occur?
no more than 5 minutes
69
How many does can a buck service per day?
1-2 does every other day
70
How many bucks is needed for 30 does?
1
71
How long is rabbit gestation
30-31 days
72
What is a typical rabbit litter size?
7-8 kits
73
How often will kits nurse?
once a day for 3-4 minutes
74
When should a doe be rebred?
14-28 days after kindling
75
When are kits weaned?
around 28 days old
76
What family are llamas and alpacas from?
Camelidae family
77
Camelidae family
modified ruminants with a three compartment stomach
78
What kind of hooves do llamas and alpacas have?
cloven hooves
79
What are young llamas and alpacas called?
cria
80
What are llamas used for?
-carry burdens
-fiber source
-meat source
81
What are alpacas used for?
-fiber production
-meat source in South America
82
What is a llama male called?
stud
83
What is a llama female called?
dam
84
How much do adult llamas weigh?
250-450 lbs.
85
How tall are adult llamas?
-42-45 in. at their shoulder
-5.5-6 ft. tall at their head
86
How long can llamas live?
20-25 years
87
What color can llamas be?
white, black, shades of grey, brown, and red
88
What are the types of llamas?
-classic
-suri
-wooly
89
How often are fiber llamas shorn?
annually
90
What is a llamas hair coat like?
-double hair coat
-fine wool fiber
-intermingled with stiff guard hairs
91
What must be removed before spinners and weavers can use llama wool?
the guard hairs
92
How much can pack llamas carry?
25-30% of their body weight
93
Why are llamas good pack animals?
-sure footed
-can browse while walking
94
What is the most common use of llamas in the US?
livestock guardians
95
What are llamas used to guard?
-cattle
-sheep
-poultry
96
What type of llama are most guardian llamas?
gelded males
97
Why are llamas good guardians?
they have a natural inherent wariness of dogs
98
What are the types of alpacas?
-huacaya
-suri
99
What is the most common type of alpaca?
huacaya
100
What is huacaya alpaca fibers like?
-fibers grow perpendicular to the body
-form a lock structure giving a fluffy, spongey appearance
101
What are suri alpacas fibers like?
-fibers grow parallel to the body
-hangs down the sides of the body in curly ringlets
-appears slender and sleek looking
102
How much do adult alpacas weigh?
130-200 lbs.
103
What is the alpacas average lifespan?
15-25 years
104
How often are alpacas shorn?
annually
105
Do alpacas have guard hairs?
no, they have very soft fiber
106
What is the primary use of alpacas?
fiber production
