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A&P 2 - Endocrine System > Other Endocrine Organs > Flashcards

Other Endocrine Organs Flashcards

1
Q

what hormone does the kidneys produce

A

erythropoietin

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2
Q

erythropoietin stimulates red bone marrow to increase production of what

A

oxygen carrying red blood cells

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3
Q

this condition stimulates the production of erythropoietin when there is a decrease in the oxygen content of the blood

A

hypoxia

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4
Q

increased oxygen level in the blood feeds back to where and slows the production of erythropoietin

A

the kidneys

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5
Q

what is one condition that accompanies serious kidney disease of kidney failure, a deficiency of red blood cells

A

anemia

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6
Q

anemia damages the kidneys ability to produce what

A

erythropoietin

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7
Q

cells in the wall of the stomach produce what hormone

A

gastrin

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8
Q

what stimulates the production of gastrin

A

the presence of food in the stomach

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9
Q

what does gastrin stimulate in the stomach

A

stimulates stomach glands to secrete hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes

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10
Q

what does gastrin do for the stomach wall

A

encourages muscular contractions

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11
Q

what two hormones are produced from cells lining the small intestine when partially digested material from the stomach (chyme) enters that first portion of the small intestine (duodenum)

A

secretin
cholecystokinin

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12
Q

what small intestine hormone stimulates the pancreas to secrete fluid rich in sodium bicarbonate into the duodenum to neutralize the acidic chyme from the stomach

A

secretin

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13
Q

what small intestine hormone stimulates the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas into the duodenum

A

cholecystokinin

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14
Q

both secretin and cholecystokinin act on the stomach to inhibit what and slow the movement of chyme into the small intestine

A

gastric gland secretions
stomach motility

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15
Q

both secretin and cholecystokinin stimulate the gallbladder of the liver to do what, sending bile down into the small intestine

A

contract

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16
Q

life support system that surrounds a developing fetus during pregnancy and acts as an interface with the material circulation

A

placenta

17
Q

what two hormones are produced in small amounts by the placenta

A

estrogen
progesterone

18
Q

what hormone can also be produced by the placenta in some species and can be detected by pregnancy tests

A

chorionic gonadotropin

19
Q

the placenta can produce what hormone late in pregancy

A

relaxin

20
Q

the organ that helps kick start the immune system early in an animal’s life but shrinks down and nearly disappears when the animal reaches adulthood

A

thymus

21
Q

what are the hormones of the thymus that seem to cause primitive cells in the thymus and other lymphoid organs to be transformed into T lymphocytes (T Cells)

A

thymosin
thymopoietin

22
Q

T cells are an important part of the animals what

A

cell mediated immunity

23
Q

part of the brain known to influence the body’s biologic clock

A

the pineal body

24
Q

hormone like substance produced by the pineal body that seems to affect moods and wake-sleep cycles, may also play a role in the timing of seasonal estrous cycles in some species

A

melatonin

25
Q

hormone like substances that are derived from unsaturated fatty acids, produced and exert their effects within a variety of body tissues

A

prostaglandins

26
Q

a term for hormones that only travel a short distance from where they are produced, prostaglandins are sometimes called this

A

tissue hormones

27
Q

known to be produced in a variety of body tissues and based on their molecular structure are organized into how many main groups

A

nine

28
Q

exert powerful effects in the body including influences on blood pressure, GI function, respiratory function, kidney function blood clotting, inflammation and repro functions

A

prostaglandins

A&P 2 - Endocrine System (6 decks)

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