Other conditions of the tarsus Flashcards
Fractures of the talus - location? which is more common?
Fractures of Tallus can occur in
- head, neck or body
Head most common
What is the prognosis with talar fractures?
Guarded as it is articular surface
Treatment of talar fractures?
lag-screw, K-wire — pantarsal arthrodesis
Fractures of the calcaneus - clinical sign?
plantigrade stance
breeds and why fratures of the calcaneus?
greyhound/working dog -> often right hind limb combined with central tarsal bone fractures (due to racing)
in non-racing: often comminuted
Treatment of calcaneal fractures?
Lag screw, K-wire, tension-band, plate
Pantarsal arthrodesis/calcaneoquartal arthrodesis
Fracture of the central tarsal bone - which breeds? why?
Greyhound, border collie - working/racing
Often right sided
Stress fracture
Fracture of the central tarsal bone - types of fractures?
Fracture of the central tarsal bone - which fracture is most common?
Type IV - medial + dorsal slab fracture
Type V - comminuted fracture
About 75% of central tarsal bone fractures
Treatment options for the different fractures, prognosis?
Type I - IV: lag screw
Type I, II and V can be treated with coaptation
Guarded prognosis with Type V for racing dogs
Fractures of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th tarsal bone?
2nd_ Can accompany central tarsal bone fx, lag screw
3rd: usually slab, greyshound, lag screw
4th: Often accompanying central tarsal bone fx, fixation of central tarsal bone allows 4th to heal
Malleolar fractures - prognosis? treatment?
Heal with adequate stabilization
- pin + tensionband, small diameter K wire and large diameter orthopaedic wire
- transarticular pin or exfix
Ligament rupture in the tarsus - prognosis? treatment?
High complication rate
Avlusion from tibia/fibula - exfix, pantarsal arthrodesis
Mid substance -> synthetic
Temporary transarticular exfix can give good prognosis
In shearing injury, when do we do pantarsal arthrodesis?
can be done at once!
PTA plates angles in cat and dog?
Dog - 135
Cat - 120
Plantar tarsal luxation or subluxation - breeds, presentation?
Overweight, middle-aged shetland sheepdog or collies
Plantar tarsal luxation or subluxation - clinical findings?
Plantar thickening - first sign
insidious, hyperextention, plantigrade, calcaneous rotated proximally
Treatment for Plantar tarsal luxation or subluxation ?
Calcaneoquartal arthrodesis
Dorsal ligament rupture - cause?
Fall, sporadic
Dorsal ligament rupture - treatment?
If isolated dorsal ligament -> external coaptation
if more severe: screws + wire or transart fix
Tarsometatarsal subluxation and luxation - treatment?
Pantarsal arthrodesis
Tarsometatarsal subluxation and luxation - concomitant injuries?
fractures of MCT 2 + 5
Common calcaneal/achilles tendon injury - classification?
Type I: Complete rupture
Type II: musculotendinous rupture
Type IIb: Common calcaneal tendon rupture, paratendon intact
Type IIc: Avulsion of tendon from insertion with intact SDFT
Type III: Tendinopathy
Common calcaneal/achilles tendon injury - treament?
Type I: Complete rupture - primary repair
Type II: musculotendinous rupture - primary repair
Type IIb: Common calcaneal tendon rupture, paratendon intact - primary repair
Type IIc: Avulsion of tendon from insertion with intact SDFT - bone tunnel + three loop pulley
Type III: Tendinopathy - conservative treatment
Superficial digital flexor tendon displacement - breeds?
Collies
Shelties
Cats
Superficial digital flexor tendon displacement - direction?
lateral
Superficial digital flexor tendon displacement - diagnosis?
Can be felt to displace when limb is flexed, swelling over calcaenus
Superficial digital flexor tendon displacement - treatment?
repair damaged retinacular attachement, sulcoplasty
