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Pharmacology > Other Cardiovascular Drugs > Flashcards

Other Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Nifedipine

A
  • Calcium channel blocker
  • Dihydropyridine
  • Vascular smooth muscle(L-type channel), no cardiac effect
  • Can cause peripheral edema
  • Others: Nicardiine, Nimodipine, Nisoldipine, Amlodipine
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2
Q

Minoxidil

A
  • Potassium channel agonist
  • Increase outward K current–> inhibit Ca channel activity
  • for severe treatment resistant hypertension
  • side effect: hirsutism, topically to treat baldness
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3
Q

Nitroprusside

A
  • Vasodilator, very unstable
  • metabolized by blood vessels–> NO–> cGMP–> vasodilation
  • Rapid action(30sec), short duration(3min)–> blood pressure titration
  • Hypertensive emergencies, Angina Pectoris
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4
Q

Captopril

A
  • ACE inhibitor, side effect coughing(reduced inactivation of kinins)
  • Others: Enalapril, Benazepril, Ramipril, Lisinopril
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5
Q

Losartan

A
  • Angiotensin 2 antagonist
  • Doesn’t interfere with kinin processing–> no coughing
  • Others: Candesartan, Eprosartan, Valsartan, Irbesartan
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6
Q

Nitroglycerine

A
  • Organic nitrate
  • Primarily veins, modest arterioles
  • Decreases venous return–> lower oxygen demand, used in stable angina
  • Side effects: hypotension, tachycardia, headache
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7
Q

Isosorbide-dinitrate (ISDN)

A
  • Nitrate
  • More stable than nitroglycerin
  • Long lasting effect
  • give low dose to avoid tolerance development
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8
Q

Procainamide

A
  • Class 1 Na channel blocker
  • “All Purpose”, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias
  • Other: Quinidine
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9
Q

Lidocaine

A
  • Class 1 Sodium channel blocker

- Acute treatment ventricular arrhythmias

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10
Q

Flecainide

A
  • Class 1 Na channel blocker
  • Chronic treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
  • Other: Propofenone
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11
Q

Propranolol

A
  • Class 2 beta blockers

- Tachycardia

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12
Q

Bretylium

A
  • Class 3 K channel blocker
  • Prolong repolarization phase by blocking outward K flux
  • Treat intractable ventricular arrythmias
  • Amiodarone
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13
Q

Verapamil

A
  • Class 4 Ca channel blocker
  • Prolong repolarization phase by blocking inward Ca current
  • Atrial arrhythmias
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14
Q

Adenosine

A

-Vasodilator
-IV, short half life
-Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
-

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15
Q

Digoxin

A
  • Cardiac glycoside
  • Atrial fibrilation, congestive heart failure
  • Inhibit Na/K ATPase pump–> increase Ca–>increase strength of contraction
  • low therapeutic index, high risk of toxicity
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16
Q

Epinephrine

A
  • Bradycardia

- Other: Isoproterenol

17
Q

2 Categories of cardiac glycosides

A
  • Cardenolides(digitalis)

- Bufadienolides(poison arrow frog)

18
Q

Cariac glycoside antidote

A

-K–> competes with digoxin for Na/K ATPase binding–> out compete with K

Pharmacology (10 decks)

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