Other Approaches Flashcards
Who founded the behaviourist approach to personality?
John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner
What did behaviourism emphasize?
Behaviourism emphasizes the effect of environment and reinforcement on behaviour
Who founded the social learning theory?
Albert Bandura
What is the social learning theory?
Personality is formed by observation and imitation as well as internal factors (values, goals, skills…)
What is self-efficacy?
Belief in your own ability
What is reciprocal determinism?
You chose your environment and environment affects you back
What is an internal locus of control?
You control your own life
What is an external locus of control?
Life is controlled by outside factors
Who founded the humanist approach?
Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
What is the humanist approach?
People are free to do as they chose and are responsible for those choices
What did Maslow believe?
Personality is formed by striving and achieving
-self-actualization
What was Maslow’s hierarchy of 5 needs?
- Physiological (food, water)
- Safety
- Love/Belonging
- Esteem
- Self-Actualisation
What did Carl Rogers believe?
People consciously create their personalities
Stressed self-concept
Happiness is achieved through congruence/consistency with self-concept
What is the Sociocultural approach of personality?
The belief that ethnicity, gender and culture determine personality
-has to be taken into account with other approaches
