History of Psychology Flashcards
What were the pre-scientific psychological fields of thought and who believed them?
Socrates and Plato believed that knowledge is within us and Aristotle believed that knowledge is only acquired from experience
Who developed` the scientific method?
Francis Bacon
When was Psychology born?
1879
Who established the first psychological lab?
Wilhelm Wundt
Who developed structuralism?
Edward Titchener
What is structuralism?
The ideology that our conscious is divided into objective sensation and subjective feelings
Who developed functionalism?
William James
What is functionalism?
Functionalism invovles a darwanistic approach and beleives that our consciousness behaves in order to adapt to our environment - everything has an evolutionary benefit
Who developed psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
What is Psychoanalysis?
The beleif that what we do is based off unconcious motives and internal conflicts
How is psychoanalysis practiced?
By talking about ones problems
Who developed behaviorism?
John B. Watson
What is Behaviorism?
Study that psychology should be limited to observable behaviour
Who further developed behaviorism?
B.F. Skinner
What did B.F. Skinner do?
Further developed behaviourism with the concept of positive and negative reinforcement to control and maintain ones behaviour
