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1
Q

Which of the following nerves is responsible for reffered pain to the groin in a kidney w kidney stones?

A

Genitofemoial N(L1 – L2)

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2
Q

Pain from ureter is reffered to cutaneous areas innerved from spinal segments of the ureter (_____ => groin, scortum and labium majors)

A

T11-:2

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3
Q

reflex related to ANS and lymphatics

A

Chapmans point

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4
Q

Kidney stone patient? Perform OMT?

A

No give toridal

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5
Q

In neurolocal model; treating renal pt at T10-L2 with ST does what?

A

Normal ANS; decrease sympathetic tone => decrease uteroconstriction

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6
Q

Visceroscomatic reflexes?

A

nociceptors carry impulses via sympathetic N fibers => synapse w spinal interneurons, => spinal motor neurons

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7
Q

Renal failure tx

A
  1. Omt (underlying cause)
  2. Tx complications
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8
Q

· Scoliosis can cause a dysfunction in _____ function

A

CP

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9
Q

how do we grade scoliosis

A

· Cobb method: measure of the Cobb angle is used to classify scoliosis as mild, moderate or severe

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10
Q

o Cobb angle is formed how?

A

the intersection of a liner parallel to the superior end plate of the most cephalad vertebra in a particular curve, with the line parallel to the inferior end plate of the most caudad vertebra of the curve.

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11
Q

o ____ degrees: mild

o _____ degrees: moderate scoliosis

o ____ degrees: severe scoliosis; compromises respiratory function.

A
  • mild: 5-10
  • moderate: 20-45
  • severe: >50
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12
Q

· Mild curves can affect our ability to ____.

A

excercise

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13
Q

What CP problems can impair the flow of lymphatics?

A
  1. Pulmonary edema
  2. Ascites
  3. Hepatomegaly
  4. Peripheral edema (electrolyte imbalance)
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14
Q

The thoracic duct is functionally under _____________ control. Thus, how can we

↓ lymphatic flow?

A
  • Sympathetic
  • Hypersympathetic tone => ↓ lymphatic flow.
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15
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the heart?

A
  • Preganglionic axon: [Intermediolateral column (IMLC) of T1-5] synapse of the [upper thoracic sympathetic ganglia or cervical ganglia]
  • Postganglionic axons: leave as sympathetic cardiac nerves => converge at the cardiac plexus
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16
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the heart?

A
  • Preganglionic axons from the
    • [dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve]
    • [nucleus ambiguous]
  • synapse on the cardiac plexus
17
Q

What types of fibers are most strongly concentrated in the SA/AV node (and lesser extend the myocardium)?

A
  • Cholinergic and adrenergic fibers
18
Q

Sympathetic activation of the heart => ____ HR and ________ of the coronary artery

A
  • Increase
  • dilation
19
Q

Parasympathetic activation of the heart => ____ HR and ________ of the coronary artery

A
  • Decrease
  • Constriction
20
Q

Smooth muscle tone of the airways is controlled by the _________NS

A
  • Parasympathetic
21
Q

__________________ innervation of the airways causes bronchoconstriction, bronchial vasodilation and mucus secretion

A
  • M3 cholinergic innervation
22
Q

_______________ innervation cause bronchodilation

A

NO and VIP

23
Q

_______________ of the lungs are controlled by parasympathetics, though the parasympathetic nerves are anatomically and physiologically distinct from one another

A
  • BOTH relaxation and constriction
24
Q

What is the OMM treatment in a cardiopulmonary patient?

A
  1. Treat OA/AA
  2. Open thoracic inlet
  3. Rib raise/ treat ribs
  4. Treat diapragm
  5. Perform lymphatic pump
  6. Treat T1-T7 dysfunction
25
What can we use to **decrease SVR**?
* **Generalized paraspinal inhibition** (d/t widespread distribution of sympathetic NS)
26
Using the 5-model approach, what is the goal of the neurological component to treat HTN?
* **Decrease sympathetic tone** * Also: Perform **paraspinal inhibition** and treat **OA/AA**
27
How does HF affect the thoracic duct?
* Thoracic duct cant empty =\> dilate =\> **peripheral edema**
28
When using OMT to treat HF, what should we be cautious of?
* Not to overwhelm circulatory system and make sx worse.
29
Using the 5-model approach, what is the goal of the neurological and respiratory/circulatory component to treat **CHF**?
* Neurological * Paraspinal inhibition of T1-6 (SNS) * Suboccipital release (PNS) * Chapmans points * Res[/circ * rib raising * lymphatics
30
When treating **arrythmias**, OMT should focus on what?
* **Reduce segmental facilitation** in the upper thoracics * **Modify vagal tonicity**
31
Using the 5-model approach, what is the goal of the neurological and respiratory/circulatory component to treat arrythmias?
* Neurological * Treat **OA, AA SD** * **Paraspinal inhibition of T-6** * **Chapmans points** * Respiratory * **Valsalva manever** * **Carotid sinus massage**
32
3 goals when using OMT to treat **pneumonia**?
* Decrease congestion * Decrease sympathetic hyperactivity to parenchyma of the lung * Decrease mechanical problems that affect motion of the thoracic cage
33
Using the 5-model approach, what is the goal of the neurological and respiratory/circulatory component to treat **pneumonia**?
* Neurological * **Paraspinal inhibition of T1-7** * **CV4** * **Treat OA/AA to normalize parasympathetics** * Respiratory-circulatory * **Rib raising** * **Treat Zink Patterns** * **Lymphatic treatments**
34
Using the 5-model approach, what is the goal of the neurological and **metabolic/energetic-immune** component to treat COPD? * Neuro * T1-7 (SNS) * OA, AA (PNS) * Chapmans * Metabolic-energetic- immune
* Neuro * T1-7 (SNS) * OA, AA (PNS) * Chapmans * Metabolic-energetic- immune * Dome the diaphragm * Drugs *
35
what is a CI in COPD pts (met/energetix/immune)?
Thoracic vacuum
36
What are 3 things to consider when using OMT in CP patients?
* Use **indirect** treatments * Moving too much fluid from [periphery =\> central] =\> **high volume stress to CO.** * Increase in sympathetic tone =\> constriction of lymphatic vessels and BV

OS 3 Midterm (18 decks)

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