Other Flashcards
Biological Explanations of Behaviour (Tinbergen, 1963)
Functional, Evolutionary, Ontogenetic, Physiological
Dualism
the mind is completely different from the body
Monism
– Materialism: everything that exists is material, the
ultimate reality is physical matter
– Mentalism: the physical world could not exist unless
some mind were aware of it
– The identity position: there is only one kind of
substance that includes both material and mental
aspects. Every mental experience is a brain activity
What else are glial cells used for
- Supply nutrients and oxygen to neuron
(astrocytes) - Removal of dead neuronal tissue & immune
defence of the CNS (microglia: phagocytes) - During development, glial cells provide scaffolds
for neurons to migrate to their final destinations
(radial glia)
Mamillary bodies
a relay for impulses coming from
the amygdala & hippocampus
Cingulate cortex
linking behavioral outcomes to motivation & learning (critical in depression & schizophrenia)
Corpus callosotomy
a surgical procedure that disconnects the cerebral hemispheres, resulting in a condition called ‘split-brain’
Broca’s area
is important for speech production
Prefrontal lobe dysfunction
impairs the ability to learn from consequences & decreases the ability to control impulses
– often found in depression and schizophrenia
The primary somatosensory cortex
receives information about the skin senses, body position, and movement & maps these functions as a sensory homunculus
Parietal association areas
combine information from body senses and vision.
Identify objects by touch, determine the location of the limbs, and locate objects in space
cortical blindness
Destruction in the striate cortex of the occipital lobe
Broca’s Aphasia
Impaired speech production –problems stringing
together complete sentences.
Wernicke’s Aphasia
Impaired language comprehension. Intact speech production.
DTI = Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Type of MRI scan that measures water molecules in the brain.
