Other Flashcards
Parkland formula
For burns >15%
Fluid resuscitation 4mL/kg x TBSA burned = 24 hour total
-give first half over 8 hours and rest over 16 hours
Pyloric stenosis
- pre repair children develop hypochloremic hypokalemic hyperbilirubinemia and metabolic alkalosis
Bilirubin and liver disease
- high total bilirubin with presence of conjugated or direct bilirubin likely indicates cholestatic liver disease
- physiologic jaundice of the newborn has an associated elevated unconjugated bilirubin level
Mallampati score
- an assessment of the airway prior to intubation
- score of class 3 or 4 or higher is associated with a more difficult airway and intubation
Contraindication to lung transplant
- malignancy within past 2 years, immunodeficiency syndrome, hepatitis B or C with liver disease, severe neuromuscular disease, multiorgan system dysfunction.
- relative contraindications include pleurodesis, renal insufficiency, markedly abnormal BMI, chronic airway infection with specified organisms, severe scoliosis, active collagen disease, mechanical ventilation,
Normal QTc
- normal value is 0.44 m/second or less
Tumor lysis syndrome
- elevated potassium, phosphorus and uric acid
- elevated BUN and creatinine
- low calcium
neurofibromatosis
- Type I is usually diagnosed in infancy or at least prior to age 10 and involves the presence of café au lait spots and Lisch nodules (hamartomas of the iris), the defining characteristic.
- Type II occurs in patients in adult years and findings include glioma, meningioma, and hearing loss
SCFE ( slipped capital femoral epiphysis)
- obese adolescent who presents with a limp.
- pain to the hip, knee, or thigh and holding the leg in an externally rotated position are other findings.
- requires urgent intervention, and surgical correction is necessary to prevent further slippage
Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease
- caused by poor blood supply to the femoral head causing avascular necrosis.
- occurs in prepubertal, immature children and it affects males more than females
- discomfort with internal rotation and abduction and no external signs
- initial therapy includes rest and slow restoration back to use. If not identified early and managed, may require surgical intervention.
transient synovitis or septic arthritis
- inflammatory process often following a viral illness
- acute or gradual onset
- usually unilateral
hypomagnesemia causes
-GI losses (Pancreatitis, celiac disease, short gut syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease)
CHARGE syndrome
- genetic pattern of birth defects which include coloboma of the eyes, choanal atresia or stenosis, cranial nerve involvement, outer, inner, and middle ear abnormalities, cardiac defects, cleft lip and palate, and several others that are not typically associated with other patterned abnormalities.
- includes hearing loss and outer ear abnormalities, such as the outer ear appearing wide, low, and with no earlobe.
Iron overload following chemotherapy
-prolonged elevated ferritin level can lead to liver dysfunction, endocrine disorders, and altered cardiac function
diarrhea-associated (D+) hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
- bloody diarrhea versus non-bloody
- anemia, decreased or no urine output, and signs of bleeding (e.g., petechiae).
- anemia is normochromic, normocytic, with an elevated reticulocyte count.
- results in Hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia, uremia, metabolic acidosis, Fluid overload secondary to lack of glomerular filtration resulting in hemodilution and relative hyponatremia
- cause E.coli 0157 (produces a toxin and is contracted through contaminated water, meat, fruits, and vegetables).
- results in damage to endothelial cells and erythrocytes, producing a prodrome of hemorrhagic enterocolitis.
- Endothelial swelling of the glomerular arterioles in the kidneys results in decreased glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, and hematuria with hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure.
Diamond–Blackfan anemia
-increased percentage of fetal hemoglobin (Hgb F)
