Other

Question 1

What is the shingles type that effects the eyes?

Answer 1

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus.
Reaction in the opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve in
Rx- oral acyclovir

Question 2

What is the treatment for temporal arteritis?

Answer 2

High dose prednisolone

Urgent opthalmic review (same day if visual symptoms are present)

Question 3

What is Argyll-Robertson pupil?

Answer 3

Small irregular pupils,
Pupillary reflex is absent (accommodation is present)
Causes - diabetes and syphillis

Question 4

How does endophthalmitis present?

Answer 4

This is infection of anterior and posterior chambers.

Eye pain and decreased vision
Eyelid swelling
Hypopyon/ hazy eye (infection)
Confined to eye (no fever)

Often a post surgical complication
Urgent referral needed (intraocular abx and vitrectomy may be indicated)

Question 5

What is hyphema?

Answer 5

Blood in the anterior chamber

Usually caused by trauma.

Question 6

Causes of mydriasis

Answer 6

Third nerve palsy
Holmes adie pupil
Traumatic iridoplegia 
Phaeochromocytoma 
Congential 
Drugs: TCAs, cocaine, ampthetamines, atropine, tropicamide

Question 7

Post ganglionic causes of horners syndrome

Answer 7

4Cs 
Carotid artery dissection
Carotid aneurysm 
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Cluster headache 

They have miosis and ptosis without anhidrosis!

Question 8

What are the preganglionic lesions

Answer 8

Pancoast tumour
Thyriodectomy
Trauma
Cervical rib

Question 9

Central causes of horners syndrome

Answer 9

Stroke
Syringomyelia
Multiple sclerosis
Tumour
Encephalitis