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Biology 3401 > Other > Flashcards

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1
Q

Kochs Postulates

A

1: pathogen isolated from dead animal with disease
2: grow pathogen in pure culture and ID as same
3: re-infect and uninfected individual and see disease
4: Re-isolate from the 2nd organism and ID to regrow in pure culture

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2
Q

vector

A

organism (invertebrate arthropod) that transmits a pathogen from reservoir to host

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3
Q

Sylvanic

A

the cycle in nature of the pathogen (vector-reservoir)

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4
Q

reservoir

A

long term host of pathogen, usually subclinical

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5
Q

fomite

A

an inanimate object that transmits an infectious disease

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6
Q

clinical disease

A

visible or detectable symptoms

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7
Q

sub clinical

A

no visible or detectible symptoms but will test positive for pathogen

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8
Q

incubation period

A

time between pathogen exposure and onset of symptoms

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9
Q

pandemic

A

world-wide outbreak

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10
Q

epidemic

A

outbreak in small area

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11
Q

acute

A

rapid onset, more severe

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12
Q

chronic

A

slowly developing, less severe

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13
Q

subacute

A

symptoms between acute and chronic

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14
Q

latent

A

disease with a period of no symptoms when causative agent is inactive

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15
Q

convalescence

A

healing time

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16
Q

Mosquitos: Order & Family

A

Diptera/ Culicidae

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17
Q

Holometabolous

A

entire metamorphosis with unique form for each life cycle (mosquitos)

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18
Q

Mosquito Life Cycle

A

eggs-larva-pupa-adult

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19
Q

Anopheles eggs

A

equipped with float, laid singly

20
Q

Aedes Eggs

A

laid individually, sticky substance to stick above flood line, hatching stimulated by water level- can survive winter

21
Q

Culex eggs

A

laid on rafts in straight up position, cap where larvae come out is oriented down towards water

22
Q

Gonotrophic Cycle

A

when mosquitos go from egg to completing a round of reproduction and then nonproductive again

23
Q

Mosquito Larvae

A

obligate aquatic, 4-14 days to become pupae, obligate air breathing (siphon), filter feeders

24
Q

Mosquito Pupa

A

Non-feeding, short stage, have air trumpets on head, transform to adult inside of pupa

25
Q

Mosquito Adult

A

can not touch water, crack out of pupa

26
Q

Male vs. Female Mosquitos

A

Males: fluffy antennae, males feed on nectar

27
Q

Johnston’s Organ

A

on head to detect blood, hearing, smell

28
Q

Female Mosquito Bite

A

bites, secretes saliva as anticoagulant, saliva carries pathogen if present

29
Q

Tick Order/Family

A

Ixodida/ ixodidae

30
Q

Tick Scutum

A

Behind back

male: covers whole back
female: covers less than half

31
Q

hematophagous

A

no complete metamorphosis (ticks)

32
Q

Haller’s Organ

A

Ticks: temperature, CO2, moisture

33
Q

Tick Life Cycle

A

egg-larvae-nymph-adult

34
Q

Ixodes scapularis

A

black-legged tick

35
Q

Dermacentor variablis

A

american dog tick

36
Q

Amblyomma americanum

A

lone star tick

37
Q

Tick Mating

A

occurs on host, female cemented in while feeding and can’t get away

38
Q

Survey

A

identification of breeding sites and identification of species

39
Q

Surveillance

A

monitoring seasonal appearance/abundance

40
Q

Chemical Control

A
  • adulticides(fogs, misting, residual sprays)
  • larvacides (oils, films, altosid-keep in larval state)
  • repellants
  • phermones
41
Q

Physical Control

A

source reduction/alteration: draining, filling, container removal, water manipulation

42
Q

Biological Control

A

predators (Toxorhynchites sp., bacteria, mosquito fish)

43
Q

Genetic

A

sterile male technique

44
Q

LD

A

lethal dose, lower number=higher toxicity

45
Q

LC

A

lethal concentation

46
Q

EC

A

effective concentration- inverse big bar= lower toxicity

47
Q

Flies

A

horse fly= solid wings

deer fly= patterned wings

Biology 3401 (3 decks)

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