Diseases

Question 1

West Nile Pathogen

Answer 1

RNA virus (flavivirus)

Question 2

West Nile Vector

Answer 2

sylvanic: culex
host: many

Question 3

West Nile Reservoir

Answer 3

Birds

Question 4

West Nile Outcome

Answer 4

West Nile fever or encephalitis in humans

Question 5

West Nile Incubation

Answer 5

2-14 days post-bite, up to 21

Question 6

West Nile Treatment

Answer 6

supportive

Question 7

Bridge Vector

Answer 7

a different species than in sylvan cycle that takes pathogen from sylvan cycle to alternate host

Question 8

Vector Competency

Answer 8

how well the vector and reservoir can both acquire and pass the pathogen to the host

Question 9

Antigen

Answer 9

foreign invader that causes immune response

Question 10

antibody

Answer 10

immune systems fighter against antigen

Question 11

IgM

Answer 11

immunoglbin (mu): short term antibody [current infection]

Question 12

IgG

Answer 12

Immunoglobulin (gamma): long term [past infection]

Question 13

MIR

Answer 13

Minimum infection rate (minimum infected vectors in area)
# pathogen positives/ total # tested x100

Question 14

SNP

Answer 14

single nucleotide polymorphism (single nucleotide variations in individuals)

Question 15

PCR

Answer 15

polymerase chain reaction

Question 16

West Nile Sylvanic Cycle

Answer 16

Culex to Birds

Question 17

West Nile Bridge Vector

Answer 17

ex: aedes japonicus, but many

Question 18

LaCrosse Pathogen

Answer 18

RNA virus (bunyavirus)

Question 19

LaCrosee Vector

Answer 19

sylvanic/host: Aedes triseriatus (container breeder)

Question 20

LaCrosse Reservoir

Answer 20

chipmunks/squirrels

Question 21

LaCrosse Sylvanic Cycle

Answer 21

A. triseriatus and chipmunks & pathogen is passed from female to eggs (transovarian transmission)

Question 22

LaCrosse Incubation/ Treatment

Answer 22

5-15 days, supportive

Question 23

LaCrosse Symptoms

Answer 23

fever, headache, nausea, fatigue, hemi-paralysis

Question 24

Triple E Pathogen

Answer 24

RNA virus (alphavirus)

Question 25

Triple E Vector

Answer 25

sylvanic: Culistea melanura
host: Coquillettidia perturbans
* need both to transmit

Question 26

Triple E Reservoir

Answer 26

birds

Question 27

Triple E Incubation/ Treatment

Answer 27

4-10 days, supportive

Question 28

Triple Symptoms

Answer 28

fever, headaches, cyanoisis, anorexia

Question 29

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Pathogen

Answer 29

Gram Negative Bacteria: Rickettsia rickettsii

Question 30

RMSF Vector

Answer 30

sylvanic/host: Dermacentor variabilis

2nd: two other species
- transmission from mother tick to eggs most often

Question 31

RMSF Reservoir

Answer 31

wild rodents

Question 32

RMSF Sylvanic cycle

Answer 32

Dermacentor variabilis to rodents

Question 33

RMSF incubation/ treatment

Answer 33

2-14 days, Doxycycline

Question 34

Lyme Pathogen

Answer 34

spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi)- no gram stains so use polarized light

Question 35

Lyme Vector

Answer 35

sylvanic/host: Ixodes scapularis

Question 36

Lyme Reservoir

Answer 36

Peromyscus leucopus (white footed mouse)

Question 37

Lyme Incubation/ Treatment

Answer 37

~7 days, Doxycycline, longer treatment to get hiding spirochetes

Question 38

Lyme Symptoms

Answer 38

myalgia, chronic arthritis, bell’s palsy, bulls-eye rash

Question 39

Lyme Testing

Answer 39

Two tired test:
1st- enzyme test, if positive go to second (EIA)
2nd- IgM/IgG test