Other Flashcards
How does Antabuse work?
Inhibits acetyldehydrogenase leading to a build up of acetaldehyde that gives unpleasant side effects
What are the 6 major challenges to health of binge drinking?
Inadequate diet not enough vitamins too much energy Psychological dependence Liver. Disease Accidents Pancreatitis Coagulation disorders
At what height are the kidneys?
Left kidney-11th to 12th rib
Right kidney-12th rib
What is anaemia?
A condition where there is a reduction in Hb in the blood
Either because of a reduction in rbcs or reduced production of Hb
Why is combination chemo better then a single agent?
Increased effectiveness of treatment
Reduction in resistance
Why is apoptosis essential?
Tissue homeostasis
What’s the approx size of a neutrophil?
12 micrometers
What’s the approx size of a lymphocyte?
7 micrometers
Where is the macula dens located?
In the wall of the distal convoluted tubule in the kidneys
What are the two ways the mouth aids digestion?
mechanical (chewing and lubrication)
Chemical (amylase for carbs and lipase for fats and ph6.8)
What are the four main cell types in the stomach?
Chief cell. Parietal cell. G cell. Goblet cell.
What is the function of goblet cells in the stomach?
Goblet cells secrete mucus for protection against pathogens and mechanical stress.
How do g cells, parietal cells and chief cells work together for digestion?
The g cells secrete GRP which triggers the release of the hormone Gastrin. Gastrin tells Parietal cells to secrete HCl. Chief cells secrete inactive pepsinogen. Hydrogen chloride changes pepsinogen into active pepsin. This leads to protease which is needed for digestion.
What is released in response to the stomach contents being released?
Secretin and cholecystokinin.
Secretin and cholecystokinin cause what?
It causes the liver to secrete bile and the pancreas to release bicarbonate and digestive enzymes.
